PhysioEx 8.0 Exercise 9: Renal System Physiology

Hi,

i ll try to answer your questions to the best possible knowledge i hv got.

In the body, what mechanisms play a role in maintaining glomerular filtration rate ith fluctuating blood pressure?

Answer: The Urinary system, which includes Kidneys, nephrons, The glomerulus, The bowmans capsule.Almost Any thing on this planet tries to move from a high concentraion place to a low concentration plase to reduce congestion.

So the impure blood in the veins has a lot of urea in it and it  wants to leave the blood. In kidneys there are small structural units called nephrons, when the impure blood enters the kidneys the urea and other excessive salts go into these nephrons eventually these salts and urea is transported off to the urinary bladder where the urnie is stores through a pair of tubles calles ureaters, 1 tube from each kidney.


The question says  "fluctuating blood pressure" because the blood pressure is higher when the concentration of urea and other waste salts are in high quantaties and this pressure allows the transfer of the waste stuff from the blood into the nephrons.

As you increased the concentration gradient of the interstitial fluid, what happened to he concentration of the urine?

Answer: urine concentration increases because our body wants to eliminate the excess concentraion which is transported off to the filtration or urinary system.

What happened to the volume of the urine as you increased the conentration gradient of the interstitial flud?

Answer: am not sure about this but I think that the volme of urine stays the same.

 What effect doesthe concentration gradient of theinterstitial fluid have on the maximum urine concentration?

Answer: Not sure about this as well, double check it--The concentration gradient of the interstitial fluid becomes neutral to that of the concentration in the urine, this will stop additional increase in the urine concentration.

What happens to th concentration of glucose in the urine as the number of gucose carriers increases?

Answer: decreases.
Glucose can be elevated inthe bloo of a diabetic person. Relate this information to glucose in the urine and glucose carriers.
 
Answer: Glucose in elevated in a Diabetic person because (Hyperglycemia  is the medical word for high blood sugar levels), the blood tries to eliminate the glucose through urine because thers not enough glucose carriers to transport glucose through the cless where it is converted and stored in another form by enzymes for energy.