When assigning final class grades, Ms. Zaborowski considers how hard students have worked throughout the semester. For example, she gives an A to low-ability students who have performed at the highest level she thinks they are capable of. In contrast, she will give only a B or C to high-ability students who achieve at that same level because she knows they are not performing up to their potential. From the textbook's perspective, is Ms. Zaborowski's grading policy appropriate?
A) No, because it involves a subjective judgment of effort. It would be appropriate if she defined effort objectively, such as by the number of hours students spend on their homework.
B) No, because it penalizes those students who are more knowledgeable to begin with.
C) Yes, but only if she is teaching at the secondary level. The policy is inappropriate at the elementary level.
D) Yes, because it gives lower-ability students a chance to receive higher grades in relation to their peers and therefore increases their self-esteem.