The modern Middle East (Multiple Choice)

The modern Middle East
 
  a. has achieved considerable stability thanks to the vast amounts of oil which will result in the long run in creating a prosperous and peaceful society.
  b. has, outside of Israel, reached a satisfactory agreement regarding the role of religion in civil society.
  c. is culturally united in matters of religion and politics, with only the existence of an independent Israel being a continuing irritant to social peace and stability.
  d. will undoubtedly achieve a religious and social consensus in favor of moderate Islam and its beliefs and practices.
  e. is experiencing an ethnic identity conflict between nationalism and the desire to be part of a broader Islamic community.