Virtual Lab: DNA and Genes

1.    A mutation:
a.   Results in a change in DNA sequence
b.   Can result in abnormal encoding of protein sequences
c.   Is always detrimental
d.   A and B
e.   All of the above

2.    During the process of transcription:
a.   DNA is turned into protein
b.   mRNA is turned into protein
c.   DNA is turned into mRNA

3.    The building blocks of proteins are:
a.    Amino acids
b.   Nucleic acids
c.   Polysaccharides
d.   Fatty acids

4.   Mutations:
a.   Occur roughly 1 in 100 nucleotides
b.   Occur roughly 1 in 1,000 nucleotides
c.   Occur roughly 1 in 10,000 nucleotides
d.   Never occur
e.   None of the above

5.    In a protein:
a.   A single nucleotide change can alter the encoded protein and cause disease
b.   2 or more amino acids are linked together
c.   Mutations always alter the encoded protein structure and function
d.   A and B
e.   All of the above

6.    Silent mutations:
a.   Are a type of point mutation
b.   Code for the same amino acid as intended by the original sequence
c.   Always affect protein structure and function
d.   A and B
e.   All of the above

7.    A frameshift mutation:
a.    Involves the addition or deletion of one or more nucleotides
b.    Results in a new codon sequence
c.   Results in a new amino acid sequence
d.   All of the above

8.    A stop codon is:
a.    AUG
b.   UAC
c.   UAG
d.   UGG

9.    The codon “CUG” specifies which amino acid?
a.    Serine (Ser)
b.   Tyr (Tyrosine)
c.   Leu (Leucine)
d.   Glu (Glutamic Acid)

10.    If the DNA sequence “AUGGGACCUCCU” was changed to “AUGGGAAACCUCCU” this would result in:
a.    A point mutation
b.   A silent mutation
c.   A frameshift mutation