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The ultimate responsibility for ethical research lies with the

The ultimate responsibility for ethical research lies with the

The ultimate responsibility for ethical research lies with the
A) government.
B) Institutional Review Board.
C) researcher.
D) educational institution.

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Regarding research procedures and conduct, IRB stands for

Regarding research procedures and conduct, IRB stands for

Regarding research procedures and conduct, IRB stands for
A) Interviewing Resources Bank.
B) Institutional Review Board.
C) Investigational Research Bureau.
D) Informational Research Bureau.

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The Institutional Review Board (IRB)A) reduces the researcher's ethical responsibility to design acc

The Institutional Review Board (IRB)A) reduces the researcher's ethical responsibility to design acc

The Institutional Review Board (IRB)
A) reduces the researcher's ethical responsibility to design acceptable research.
B) is designed to assist researchers and help protect human participants.
C) is comprised of the president of the university and other top administrators.
D) is designed to help protect animals.

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The risks to participants in psychological research should be

The risks to participants in psychological research should be

The risks to participants in psychological research should be
A) weighed against the possible benefits.
B) eliminated, even if benefits outweigh risk.
C) accepted; life is risky.
D) discounted; injury or psychological harm to participants is rare.

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Which of the following is an ethical check that should be employed in a study with human participant

Which of the following is an ethical check that should be employed in a study with human participant

Which of the following is an ethical check that should be employed in a study with human participants?
A) The design is sufficient to provide valuable information.
B) Only fit and coherent participants are used.
C) Additional knowledge is gained despite ethical difficulties.
D) The research follows the tradition of early philosophers and scientists.

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Ethical concerns should be examined

Ethical concerns should be examined

Ethical concerns should be examined
A) at the post-observational stage of a study.
B) during the initial idea-generating phase.
C) after all data have been gathered.
D) before any observations.

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Discomfort and risk assessment as part of the ethical evaluation of a research project is primarily

Discomfort and risk assessment as part of the ethical evaluation of a research project is primarily

Discomfort and risk assessment as part of the ethical evaluation of a research project is primarily the task of
A) the researcher.
B) the American Psychological Association.
C) the participant.
D) the government.

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"Diversity" in research

"Diversity" in research

"Diversity" in research
A) is considered to be an behavioral variable.
B) refers to how well ethnic, gender, and age groups are represented in the research.
C) is a measure of how varied the procedures are.
D) refers to the number of ways a study can be repeated.

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Which of the following groups were traditionally overrepresented in psychological and biomedical res

Which of the following groups were traditionally overrepresented in psychological and biomedical res

Which of the following groups were traditionally overrepresented in psychological and biomedical research?
A) females
B) children
C) Caucasian males
D) minority group members

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Why is it important to represent the diversity of the culture in psychological and medical research?

Why is it important to represent the diversity of the culture in psychological and medical research?

Why is it important to represent the diversity of the culture in psychological and medical research?
A) Because the risk associated with research should be shared equally.
B) Because findings in one group may not apply to other groups.
C) Because Title IX dictates equal availability of research opportunities.
D) Because every group is required to fund the researc

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When might it be permissible to exclude a gender, ethnic, or age group?

When might it be permissible to exclude a gender, ethnic, or age group?

When might it be permissible to exclude a gender, ethnic, or age group?
A) studying anxiety disorder
B) studying response to stress
C) studying Alzheimer's disease
D) It is never permissible to exclude these groups.

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The National Institutes of Health (NIH)A) has taken no explicit stand on diversity issues in psychol

The National Institutes of Health (NIH)A) has taken no explicit stand on diversity issues in psychol

The National Institutes of Health (NIH)
A) has taken no explicit stand on diversity issues in psychological and medical research.
B) requires that all research, regardless of funding, must include diverse populations.
C) requires that population diversity be represented in all NIH-funded studies unless there is a practical problem in adequately representing key groups

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Which of the following ethical concerns have been raised about using animals in experiments?

Which of the following ethical concerns have been raised about using animals in experiments?

Which of the following ethical concerns have been raised about using animals in experiments?
A) Animal behavior is unpredictable.
B) Research procedures are often more invasive in animal research.
C) Animals do not provide good data.
D) Fewer drugs are tested on animals.

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The American Psychological Association has addressed ethical issues in animal research since

The American Psychological Association has addressed ethical issues in animal research since

The American Psychological Association has addressed ethical issues in animal research since
A) 1986.
B) 1946.
C) 1961.
D) 1925.

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With respect to ethical treatment of animals, the American Psychological Association (APA)A) has sho

With respect to ethical treatment of animals, the American Psychological Association (APA)A) has sho

With respect to ethical treatment of animals, the American Psychological Association (APA)
A) has shown consistent and early concern for standards in animal research.
B) has failed to develop guidelines.
C) has declared animal research "off limits."
D) has chosen not to enter this controversial area, since animal research is not necessary for the study

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Developing alternatives to the use of live animals in research

Developing alternatives to the use of live animals in research

Developing alternatives to the use of live animals in research
A) is more difficult in behavioral research than it is in medical research.
B) is easier in behavioral research than it is in medical research.
C) would lead to the desirable state of eliminating animal research altogether.
D) would give psychologists as much information as studying the animals themse

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According to Neal Miller, animal research has

According to Neal Miller, animal research has

According to Neal Miller, animal research has
A) destroyed the natural environment.
B) led to questions about the validity of using animals in experimentation.
C) often led to more humane treatment of animals.
D) contributed little knowledge in the area of human psychology.

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In a 1991 discussion on animal research, Ulrich argued that

In a 1991 discussion on animal research, Ulrich argued that

In a 1991 discussion on animal research, Ulrich argued that
A) animals should be used more in order to avoid discomfort of human participants.
B) scientists must be given more freedom; the ethical argument is preventing important research.
C) the misuse of animals is unfortunate, but a necessary evil.
D) misuse of animals occurs in research.

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In reference to animal research, who argued that scientists are "guilty of our culture's propensity

In reference to animal research, who argued that scientists are "guilty of our culture's propensity

In reference to animal research, who argued that scientists are "guilty of our culture's propensity to consume anything"?
A) Neal Miller
B) Paul Meehl
C) Albert Bandura
D) Roger Ulrich

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A variable is (Multiple Choice Question)

A variable is (Multiple Choice Question)

A variable is
A) anything that varies a specific amount.
B) any characteristic that can take more than one value.
C) used only in well controlled experimental research.
D) always manipulated by researchers.

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The level of measurement of the dependent variable affects the

The level of measurement of the dependent variable affects the

The level of measurement of the dependent variable affects the
A) statistical procedures.
B) observational procedures.
C) observational analysis.
D) quasi-experimental observational procedures.

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To measure a variable means

To measure a variable means

To measure a variable means
A) to control for external validity.
B) to increase its reliability.
C) assign numbers to it.
D) match it with another variable.

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The major task in measurement is to

The major task in measurement is to

The major task in measurement is to
A) make sure variables are arranged in the proper order.
B) make sure the proper measurement is taken.
C) represent the research variables numerically.
D) make sure all participants are counted.

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Psychologists are limited in the type of mathematical operations they can perform on the data chiefl

Psychologists are limited in the type of mathematical operations they can perform on the data chiefl

Psychologists are limited in the type of mathematical operations they can perform on the data chiefly because
A) they do not have adequate training in mathematics.
B) the characteristics of the variables may not match the characteristics of the real number system.
C) computers are not yet sophisticated enough to do the necessary calculations.
D) they often don�

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The concept of "equal intervals" implies that

The concept of "equal intervals" implies that

The concept of "equal intervals" implies that
A) numbers have an inherent order from smaller to larger.
B) each number has a particular meaning.
C) the difference between units is the same anywhere on the scale.
D) an IQ of 120 is twice as high as an IQ of 60.

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The fact that 600 is larger than 500 illustrates the mathematical property of

The fact that 600 is larger than 500 illustrates the mathematical property of

The fact that 600 is larger than 500 illustrates the mathematical property of
A) magnitude.
B) identity.
C) equal intervals.
D) magnanimity.

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The fact that the difference between 5 and 7 is the same as the difference between 52 and 54 illustr

The fact that the difference between 5 and 7 is the same as the difference between 52 and 54 illustr

The fact that the difference between 5 and 7 is the same as the difference between 52 and 54 illustrates the mathematical property of
A) symmetry.
B) equal intervals.
C) magnitude.
D) identity.

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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the abstract number system?

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the abstract number system?

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the abstract number system?
A) identity
B) orderliness
C) equal intervals
D) a true zero

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The four characteristics of the abstract number system are identity, magnitude, a true zero, and

The four characteristics of the abstract number system are identity, magnitude, a true zero, and

The four characteristics of the abstract number system are identity, magnitude, a true zero, and
A) reversibility.
B) transitivity.
C) additivity.
D) equal intervals.

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In which of the following examples is the number system most closely matched to the variables?

In which of the following examples is the number system most closely matched to the variables?

In which of the following examples is the number system most closely matched to the variables?
A) preference rankings of Dr. Pepper, root beer, and ginger ale
B) the range of scores on an IQ test
C) the total number of outbursts of autistic children
D) ratings of job satisfaction

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Measurement of a variable is affected by

Measurement of a variable is affected by

Measurement of a variable is affected by
A) the variable's characteristics and the binary number system.
B) extraneous variables and the concrete number system.
C) extraneous variables and the imaginary number system.
D) the variable's characteristics and the abstract number system.

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A dependent variable of the number of correct responses on a test would

A dependent variable of the number of correct responses on a test would

A dependent variable of the number of correct responses on a test would
A) not match the real number system.
B) partially match the real number system.
C) not be applicable to the real number system.
D) provide a good match to the real number system.

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When a dependent variable, such as number of correct responses, provides a good match with the real

When a dependent variable, such as number of correct responses, provides a good match with the real

When a dependent variable, such as number of correct responses, provides a good match with the real number system,
A) all of the mathematical operations can be performed on the data.
B) only the operations of addition and subtraction can be performed on the data.
C) only the positive operations of addition and multiplication can be performed on the data.
D) the v

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When dependent variables are well matched with the real number system,

When dependent variables are well matched with the real number system,

When dependent variables are well matched with the real number system,
A) more powerful statistical tests can be used to analyze the data.
B) less powerful statistical tests must be used to analyze the data.
C) statistical tests become meaningless.
D) interpretation of the results becomes more difficult.

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In order to select the appropriate statistical test, it is critical that the researcher

In order to select the appropriate statistical test, it is critical that the researcher

In order to select the appropriate statistical test, it is critical that the researcher
A) be able to identify the level of measurement of the dependent variable.
B) be able to predict the results in advance.
C) be familiar with the most sophisticated statistical packages.
D) have all the data collected before deciding.

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The Mars weather satellite discussed in this chapter

The Mars weather satellite discussed in this chapter

The Mars weather satellite discussed in this chapter
A) succeeded.
B) failed.
C) has yet to be launched.
D) is on its way to Mars.

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The Mars Orbiter Satellite (Multiple Choice Question)

The Mars Orbiter Satellite (Multiple Choice Question)

The Mars Orbiter Satellite
A) failed because of a mix-up of measurement.
B) failed because of insufficient fuel.
C) succeeded because of good measurement.
D) succeeded in spite of poor measurement.

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The scale of measurement that is called the naming scale is the

The scale of measurement that is called the naming scale is the

The scale of measurement that is called the naming scale is the
A) nominal scale.
B) ordinal scale.
C) interval scale.
D) ratio scale.

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The differences between values or categories in nominal scales are

The differences between values or categories in nominal scales are

The differences between values or categories in nominal scales are
A) quantitative.
B) qualitative.
C) at equal intervals.
D) not equal, but are ordered.

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Nominal scales have which property (properties) of the real number system?

Nominal scales have which property (properties) of the real number system?

Nominal scales have which property (properties) of the real number system?
A) identity
B) magnitude
C) equal intervals
D) both A and B

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