TEST BANK Chapter 12

Fundamentals of U.S. Health Care Chapter 12 – Infection control Test Bank Multiple Choice Which of the following microorganisms consists of grape-like clusters? Streptococci Spirochetes Staphylococci Vibrio cholera Which of the following is the smallest type of microorganism? Viruses Chlamydia Rickettsia Bacteria Microbes that can grow either with or without oxygen are called: Obligate anaerobes Anaerobes Aerobes Facultative Streptococci appear in: Pairs of cocci Chains of cocci Spirilla Clusters of cocci Which of the following is NOT an example of a pathogenic fungal infection? Candida albicans Tinea pedis Trichomoniasis Histoplasmosis Which of the following microorganisms cause(s) Rocky Mountain spotted fever? Viruses Chlamydia Rickettsia Bacteria Which of the following are NOT biological agents that invade a host? Bacteria Pesticides Rickettsia Protozoa Surgical scrub involves washing the: Hands and forearms Forearms Fingers Hands, forearms, and face Which of the following is NOT an example of personal protective equipment? Gloves A lab coat A face shield A uniform A reduction in the number of microorganisms on an object to a fairly small and safe level is called: Sterilization Sanitization Disinfection Antisepsis Which of the following methods can kill all microorganisms? Sterilization Sanitization Disinfection Antisepsis Which of the following are the causative agents of candidiasis? Viruses Protozoa Yeasts Bacteria In the chain of infection, a person with a compromised immune system would be which of the following links? Reservoir Portal of entry Infectious agent Susceptible host Which of the following statements is true regarding an autoclave? It forces the temperature of steam above the boiling point of water in order to sterilize equipment It is used for instruments that would be damaged by prolonged exposure to high temperatures and steam It involves the use of soap and scrubbing to disinfect instruments It uses ethylene oxide, and may be operated only in a hospital or a manufacturing environment Which of the following means the shelf life of sterile items? The item remains sterile for 24 hours if the packaging is kept intact The item remains sterile for one week if the packaging is kept dry The item remains sterile for 21 days if the packaging is kept dry and intact The item remains sterile for 30 days if the packaging is kept dry and intact Medical asepsis is defined as which of the following? Growth of organisms after they leave the body Reduction of organisms before they enter the body Reduction of organisms after they leave the body Growth of organisms before they enter the body Instruments that touch only healthy, intact skin should be Sanitized Disinfected Sterilized Cleaned Instruments that come into contact only with a patient’s mucous membranes should be: Treated with antiseptics Sanitized Disinfected Sterilized Instruments that penetrate a patient’s skin should be: Sanitized Disinfected Treated with antiseptics Sterilized Clean technique is another term for: Medical asepsis Surgical asepsis Hand washing Sterilization True or False _____ 1. Harmful microorganisms are called pathogens. _____ 2. Infection control practice includes sanitization, disinfection, and sterilization. _____ 3. Bacteria are small unicellular microorganisms with a central nucleus. _____ 4. Bacilli are rod-shaped, and are divided into staphylococci and streptococci. _____ 5. Some forms of bacteria produce spores, which are a resistant stage that withstands unfavorable environments. _____ 6. Certain viruses can create an additional coating, called an envelope. _____ 7. Viruses are classified by the physiochemical characteristic of their virions. _____ 8. Molds are unicellular fungi that can be found indoors as well as outdoors. _____ 9. Protozoa are single-celled eukaryotic parasites. _____ 10. Rickettsial infections are spread by casual contact. _____ 11. The actual time when a pathogen gains entry and begins replicating is called the acute stage. _____ 12. The prodromal stage starts with signs and symptoms of disease. _____ 13. The primary concern regarding the chain of infection is how infectious agents affect the host. _____ 14. Lyme disease is transmitted by direct contact with other patients. _____ 15. A compromised host is less susceptible to infection. _____ 16. Stress lowers a person’s defense mechanisms. _____ 17. Examination gloves are required to be worn when working in a sterile environment. _____ 18. Alcohol is commonly used as an antiseptic and disinfectant. _____ 19. Household bleach is used to remove all microorganisms to sterilize many prepackaged products for intravenous infusion. _____ 20. The clear goal of surgical asepsis is to eliminate all microorganisms before they enter the body. Matching Bacilli Cocci Spores Protozoa Fungi Spirilla _____ 1. Grow in single cells (yeasts) or in colonies (molds) _____ 2. Are spiral-shaped _____ 3. Are rod-shaped _____ 4. Are spherical in shape _____ 5. The lowest forms of animal life _____ 6. The stage of bacteria that is resistant to disinfectants, drying, and heat Causative agent Portal of exit Susceptible host Mode of transmission Portal of entry Reservoir _____ 7. The place where an agent is able to survive _____ 8. Examples: insect bites, ingestion of contaminated food or water _____ 9. Examples: biological, chemical, or physical agents _____ 10. The route used by an infectious agent to leave the reservoir _____ 11. Any organisms that can be affected by an agent _____ 12. Contact, airborne, vehicle, or vector-borne Bactericidal Disinfectant Sanitization Medical asepsis Fungicidal Surgical asepsis _____ 13. Reduces microorganisms _____ 14. Able to kill fungi _____ 15. Reduction of microorganisms on a surface or object _____ 16. Sterile technique _____ 17. A cleaning product used on equipment and instruments _____ 18. Able to kill bacteria Answer Key – Test Bank Chapter 12 Multiple Choice 1. C 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. C 6. C 7. B 8. A 9. D 10. B 11. A 12. C 13. D 14. A 15. D 16. B 17. A 18. C 19. D 20. A True or False 1. T 2. T 3. F 4. F 5. T 6. T 7. T 8. F 9. T 10. F 11. F 12. T 13. T 14. F 15. F 16. T 17. F 18. T 19. F 20. T Matching 1. E 2. F 3. A 4. B 5. D 6. C 7. F 8. E 9. A 10. B 11. C 12. D 13. D 14. E 15. C 16. F 17. B 18. A