NCLEX Review Questions (Wagner) - Chapter (30)

Chapter 30: Determinants and Assessment of Nutrition and Metabolic Function NCLEX® Review This activity contains 10 questions. A patient was hospitalized with serious traumatic injuries that required surgery. Four days later, the patient has not been started on nutritional support. If this patient is in a state of aerobic metabolism, which end-products are normally easily removed from the body? Select all that apply. Nicotinic acid dehydrogenase (NAD+) Lactic acid Water Carbon dioxide Pyruvate A nurse monitors the lipid intake of a patient being treated for severe burn injury. What rationale would the nurse provide for this monitoring? Lipids protect the carbohydrates the patient is consuming. Lipids help the body absorb vitamins C and B. Lipids form the major support of the immune system. Lipids are the primary source of energy reserve for the body. A patient who is critically ill is being weighed daily. Which information should the nurse consider when evaluating weight gain or loss? Weight fluctuations may result due to medication administration. Daily trending of BMI measurement is more precise than daily weights. Obtaining ideal weight is the primary goal for this patient. Bed scale weights are more reliable if done at different times of the day and averaged. A urine urea nitrogen (UUN) test has been ordered for a patient in the critical care unit. Which nursing interventions are indicated? Select all that apply. Keep the specimen chilled. Record the patient's protein intake during collection. Collect all urine produced in 24 hours. Collect the specimen by one-time in-and-out catheterization. Use an early-morning voided specimen for the test. A patient is scheduled for a metabolic cart study at the bedside. The nurse prepares to evaluate which measurement of indirect calorimetry? Amount of expired CO2 Cellular metabolism Oxygen wasted CO2 delivery The nurse is estimating ideal body weight (IBW) for a critically ill male patient who is 6' 2" tall. What information does the nurse consider? Select all that apply. Twelve pounds should be added if the patient has a large frame. The nurse should allow 6 pounds for each inch over 5 feet. The nurse should add 3 pounds for each inch over 6 feet. The nurse should figure the patient weight at 106 pounds for the first 5 feet. Ten percent should be subtracted if the patient has a small frame. A patient in the critical care area had a pre-injury body mass index of 26.5. How would the nurse interpret this patient's pre-injury status? As underweight As overweight As obese As normal A health care provider routinely bases nutritional support changes on the critically ill patient's albumin level. Why would the nurse question this choice? Select all that apply. Albumin levels are affected by opioid pain medications. Hydration status affects albumin levels. Liver injury affects albumin use and level. Albumin levels are difficult to obtain and are often erroneous. The half-life of albumin is long. The Harris-Benedict equation is the standard used in the intensive care unit for calculating patient resting energy expenditure. The nurse would consider which factor as a limitation of this equation? Stressors included in the equation may be overestimated for the patient situation. There is a need to adjust weight if the patient is not within ideal body weight. The same equation is used for both genders. Burn injury cannot be considered with this equation. As part of assessment, the nurse is using skin calipers to estimate subcutaneous fat thickness. Which body parts would the nurse use for this assessment? Select all that apply. The area just below the scapula Thigh Ankle Triceps Iliac crest