Transcript
Chapter 27: Determinants and Assessment of Hematologic Function
NCLEX® Review
This activity contains 10 questions.
A patient presents with an enlarged axillary lymph node. In order to assess for presence of enlargement in other nodes, the nurse would palpate which areas? Select all that apply.
Neck
Other axilla
Groin
Ankle
Forehead
A patient who is taking chemotherapy has a nosebleed and is very weak. As part of assessment, the nurse asks about history of kidney problems. Why is this information important?
RBCs can be destroyed by abnormally functioning nephrons.
Amino acids produced by the kidneys are needed for hemoglobin development.
Erythropoietin is produced by the kidneys.
Vitamin B12 is synthesized by the renal nephrons.
The nurse would evaluate which statement as correctly reflecting the process of chemotaxis?
Chemotaxis occurs as the leukocytes squeeze through a capillary using ameboid movement.
Chemotaxis occurs when leukocytes engulf antigens at the site of infection.
Chemotaxis occurs when leukocytes accumulate along a capillary wall near the site of infection.
Chemotaxis occurs when cells move along an increasing concentration of chemical factors toward an area of infection.
Gamma globulin has been administered to a patient who was exposed to an infectious disease. The nurse explains that this injection will provide which kind of immunity to the patient?
Nonspecific
Natural innate
Active acquired
Passive acquired
The nurse is explaining how the antigen-antibody response helps to attack invading pathogens. Which information should the nurse include? Select all that apply.
The reaction clumps up the cells.
Antibodies can activate the complement system.
Antibodies can neutralize the toxins from the antigen.
Antibodies release cytokines, which attack the antigen.
Antibodies can encourage other cells to phagocytize antigens.
A patient is told that she has very low platelets. She says, "I know platelets help clot the blood, but how do they do it?" How should the nurse respond?
"They release a substance that constricts the blood vessel."
"They secrete prothrombin, which makes thrombin."
"They stick together to plug up the area of the vessel that is injured."
"They provide the ionized calcium required for coagulation."
The patient's reticulocyte count is 30,000/mcL. The nurse is concerned about this finding for which reason?
The patient may have bone marrow depression or failure.
It signals overproduction of RBCs in the bone marrow.
Rapid hemolyzation of RBCs is occurring.
The patient's RBCs are microcytic and hypochromic.
A patient's lab work reveals a WBC of 2,000/mcL, neutrophils of 600/mcL (30%), and monocytes of 400 (2%). The nurse plans care for this patient based on increased risk for which problem?
Bleeding
Infection
Tissue hypoxia
Seizure activity
A patient who is taking chemotherapy has a very low WBC count. Cytokine therapy using GM-CSF has been ordered. How would the nurse explain why this drug is being given?
"This drug will reduce inflammation in your body."
"This drug increases the activity of your bone marrow."
"This drug will help to activate your immune system."
"This drug will increase your immunoglobulin production."
A patient's latest neutrophil count shows a left shift. The nurse would suspect which problem?
Presence of a viral infection
Bone marrow depression
Decreased thymus activity
Presence of a severe bacterial infection
