Chemistry The Central Science Matter and Measurement

Chemistry: The Central Science Introduction: Matter and Measurement 1.1 Multiple-Choice Questions 1) What is the physical state in which matter has no specific shape but does have a specific volume? A) gas B) solid C) liquid D) salts E) ice Answer: C 2) The law of constant composition applies to ________. A) solutions B) heterogeneous mixtures C) compounds D) homogeneous mixtures E) solids Answer: C 3) A combination of sand, salt, and water is an example of a ________. A) homogeneous mixture B) heterogeneous mixture C) compound D) pure substance E) solid Answer: B 4) A small amount of salt dissolved in water is an example of a ________. A) homogeneous mixture B) heterogeneous mixture C) compound D) pure substance E) solid Answer: A 5) Which one of the following has the element name and symbol correctly matched? A) S, sodium B) Tn, tin C) Fe, iron D) N, neon E) B, bromine Answer: C 6) Which one of the following elements has a symbol that is not derived from its foreign name? A) tin B) aluminum C) mercury D) copper E) lead Answer: B 7) Which one of the following is often easily separated into its components by simple techniques such as filtering or decanting? A) heterogeneous mixture B) compounds C) homogeneous mixture D) elements E) solutions Answer: A 8) Which states of matter are significantly compressible? A) gases only B) liquids only C) solids only D) liquids and gases E) solids and liquids Answer: A 9) For which of the following can the composition vary? A) pure substance B) element C) both homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures D) homogeneous mixture E) heterogeneous mixture Answer: C 10) If matter is uniform throughout and cannot be separated into other substances by physical means, it is ________. A) a compound B) either an element or a compound C) a homogeneous mixture D) a heterogeneous mixture E) an element Answer: B 11) An element cannot ________. A) be part of a heterogeneous mixture B) be part of a homogeneous mixture C) be separated into other substances by chemical means D) interact with other elements to form compounds E) be a pure substance Answer: C 12) Homogeneous mixtures are also known as ________. A) solids B) compounds C) elements D) substances E) solutions Answer: E 13) The law of constant composition says ________. A) that the composition of a compound is always the same B) that all substances have the same composition C) that the composition of an element is always the same D) that the composition of a homogeneous mixture is always the same E) that the composition of a heterogeneous mixture is always the same Answer: A 14) Which of the following is an illustration of the law of constant composition? A) Water boils at 100 °C at 1 atm pressure. B) Water is 11% hydrogen and 89% oxygen by mass. C) Water can be separated into other substances by a chemical process. D) Water and salt have different boiling points. E) Water is a compound. Answer: B 15) In the following list, only ________ is not an example of a chemical reaction. A) dissolution of a penny in nitric acid B) the condensation of water vapor C) a burning candle D) the formation of polyethylene from ethylene E) the rusting of iron Answer: B 16) Gases and liquids share the property of ________. A) compressibility B) definite volume C) incompressibility D) indefinite shape E) definite shape Answer: D 17) Of the following, only ________ is a chemical reaction. A) melting of lead B) dissolving sugar in water C) tarnishing of silver D) crushing of stone E) dropping a penny into a glass of water Answer: C 18) Which one of the following is not an intensive property? A) density B) temperature C) melting point D) mass E) boiling point Answer: D 19) Which one of the following is an intensive property? A) mass B) temperature C) heat content D) volume E) amount Answer: B 20) Of the following, only ________ is an extensive property. A) density B) volume C) boiling point D) freezing point E) temperature Answer: B 21) Which of the following are chemical processes? 1. rusting of a nail 2. freezing of water 3. decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen gases 4. compression of oxygen gas A) 2, 3, 4 B) 1, 3, 4 C) 1, 3 D) 1, 2 E) 1, 4 Answer: C 22) In the following list, only ________ is not an example of a chemical reaction. A) burning a plastic water bottle B) the production of hydrogen gas from water C) the tarnishing of a copper penny D) chopping a log into sawdust E) charging a cellular phone Answer: D 23) Of the following, ________ is the largest mass. A) 25 kg B) 2.5 × 10-2 mg C) 2.5 × 1015 pg D) 2.5 × 109 fg E) 2.5 × 1010 ng Answer: A 24) Which one of the following is the highest temperature? A) 38 °C B) 96 °F C) 302 K D) none of the above E) the freezing point of water Answer: A 25) Which of the following is (are) the lowest temperature? A) The freezing point of water B) 5 °C C) 30 °F D) 280 K E) A and D Answer: C Page Ref: Sec 1.4 26) Which one of the following is true about the liter? A) It is the SI base unit for volume. B) It is equivalent to a cubic decimeter. C) It is slightly smaller than a quart. D) It contains 106 cubic centimeters. E) It is slightly smaller than a gallon. Answer: B Diff: 4 27) Of the objects below, ________ is the most dense. A) an object with a volume of 2.5 L and a mass of 12.5 kg B) an object with a volume of 139 mL and a mass of 93 g C) an object with a volume of 0.00212 m3 and a mass of 4.22 × 104 mg D) an object with a volume of 3.91 × 10-24 nm3 and a mass of 7.93 × 10-1 ng E) an object with a volume of 13 dm3 and a mass of 1.29 × 103 g Answer: D Diff: 4 , 1.6 28) Which calculation clearly shows a conversion between temperatures in degrees Celsius, °C, and temperature in Kelvins, K? A) K = °C + 273.15 B) K = 273.15 - °C C) K = [°C - 32] / 1.8 D) K = [°C + 32] × 1.8 E) K = °C Answer: A , 1.6 29) You have to calculate the mass of a 30.0 mL liquid sample with density of 1.52 g/mL, but you have forgotten the formula. Which way of reasoning would help you in finding the correct mass? A) If 1 mL of a liquid has the mass of 1.52 g, then 30.0 mL has the mass of __________ g. B) If 1.52 mL of a liquid has the mass of 1 g, then 30.0 mL has the mass of __________ g. Answer: A , 1.6 30) You have to calculate the volume of a gas sample with mass of 1.000 × 103 g and density of 1.027 g/L, but you have forgotten the formula. Which way of reasoning would help you in finding the correct mass? A) If 1.027 g of a gas takes up a volume of 1 L, then 1.000 × 103 g of the same gas takes up a volume of __________. B) If 1.027 L of gas has a mass of 1 g, then __________ L has the mass of 1.000 × 103 g. Answer: A , 1.6 31) Osmium has a density of 22.6 g/cm3. What volume (in cm3) would be occupied by a 21.8 g sample of osmium? A) 0.965 B) 1.04 C) 493 D) 2.03 × 10-3 E) 2.03 × 103 Answer: A , 1.6 32) Iron has a density of 7.9 g/cm3. What is the mass of a cube of iron with the length of one side equal to 55.0 mm? A) 2.1 × 104 g B) 4.3 × 102 g C) 1.3 × 103 g D) 1.4 g E) 2.3 × 10-2 g Answer: C , 1.6 33) Precision refers to ________. A) how close a measured number is to other measured numbers B) how close a measured number is to the true value C) how close a measured number is to the calculated value D) how close a measured number is to zero E) how close a measured number is to infinity Answer: A 34) Accuracy refers to ________. A) how close a measured number is to zero B) how close a measured number is to the calculated value C) how close a measured number is to other measured numbers D) how close a measured number is to the true value E) how close a measured number is to infinity Answer: D 35) Which of the following has the same number of significant figures as the number 1.00310? A) 1 × 106 B) 199.791 C) 8.66 D) 5.119 E) 100 Answer: B 36) Acceleration due to gravity of a free-falling object is 9.8 m/s2. Express this in millimeters/millisecond2. A) 9.8 × 10-9 B) 9.8 × 103 C) 9.8 × 10-6 D) 9.8 × 106 E) 9.8 × 10-3 Answer: E Page Ref: Sec. 1.6 , 1.6 37) If an object is accelerating at a rate of 25 m/s2, how long (in seconds) will it take to reach a speed of 550 m/s? (Assume an initial velocity of zero.) A) 22 B) 1.4 × 104 C) 0.045 D) 1.2 × 104 E) 2.3 × 102 Answer: A Diff: 4 Page Ref: Sec. 1.6 , 1.6 38) If an object is accelerating at a rate of 25 m/s2, how fast will it be moving (in m/s) after 1.50 min? (Assume an initial velocity of zero.) A) 17 B) 3.6 C) 38 D) 2.3 × 103 E) 0.060 Answer: D Diff: 4 Page Ref: Sec. 1.6 , 1.6 39) A wooden object has a mass of 10.782 g and occupies a volume of 13.72 mL. What is the density of the object determined to an appropriate number of significant figures? A) 8 × 10-1 g/mL B) 7.9 × 10-1 g/mL C) 7.86 × 10-1 g/mL D) 7.859 × 10-1 g/mL E) 7.8586 × 10-1 g/mL Answer: D , 1.5 40) Expressing a number in scientific notation ________. A) changes its value B) removes ambiguity as to the significant figures C) removes significant zeros D) allows to increase the number's precision E) all of the above Answer: B 41) The number with the most significant zeros is ________. A) 0.00002510 B) 0.02500001 C) 250000001 D) 2.501 × 10-7 E) 2.5100000 Answer: C 42) How many significant figures should be retained in the result of the following calculation? 12.00000 × 0.9893 + 13.00335 × 0.0107 A) 2 B) 3 C) 4 D) 5 E) 6 Answer: B 43) In which one of the following numbers are all of the zeros significant? A) 100.090090 B) 0.143290 C) 0.05843 D) 0.1000 E) 00.0030020 Answer: A 44) Which of the following is not an exact number? A) the number of seconds in a year B) the number of millimeters in a kilometer C) the number of liters in a gallon D) the number of centimeters in an inch E) the number of grams in a kilogram Answer: C 45) Round the number 0.007222 to three significant figures. A) 0.007 B) 0.00722 C) 0.0072 D) 0.00723 E) 0.007225 Answer: B 46) Round the number 3456.5 to two significant figures. A) 3400.0 B) 3400 C) 3000 D) 3500 E) 3000.0 Answer: D 47) One angstrom, symbolized Å, is 10-10 m. 1 cm3 = ________ Å3. A) 1024 B) 10-24 C) 1030 D) 10-30 E) 10-9 Answer: A Page Ref: Sec. 1.6 , 1.6 1.2 Bimodal Questions 1) Solids have a ________ shape and are not appreciably ________. A) definite, compressible B) definite, incompressible C) indefinite, compressible D) indefinite, incompressible E) sharp, convertible Answer: A 2) ________ is the chemical symbol for elemental sodium. A) S B) W C) So D) Na E) Sn Answer: D 3) If matter is uniform throughout and cannot be separated into other substances by physical processes, but can be decomposed into other substances by chemical processes, it is called a(n) ________. A) heterogeneous mixture B) element C) homogeneous mixture D) compound E) mixture of elements Answer: D 4) A separation process that depends on differing abilities of substances to form gases is called ________. A) filtration B) solvation C) distillation D) chromatography E) All of the above are correct. Answer: C 5) The initial or tentative explanation of an observation is called a(n) ________. A) law B) theory C) hypothesis D) experiment E) test Answer: C GO: G1 6) A concise verbal statement or mathematical equation that summarizes a broad variety of observations and experiences is called a(n) ________. A) law B) theory C) hypothesis D) experiment E) test Answer: A GO: G1 7) The SI unit for mass is ________. A) kilogram B) gram C) pound D) troy ounce E) none of the above Answer: A 8) A one degree of temperature difference is the smallest on the ________ temperature scale. A) Kelvin B) Celsius C) Fahrenheit D) Kelvin and Celsius E) Fahrenheit and Celsius Answer: C 9) ________ is the abbreviation for the prefix mega-. A) k B) m C) M D) n E) d Answer: C 10) ________ is the abbreviation for the prefix milli-. A) k B) m C) M D) n E) d Answer: B 11) A common English set of units for expressing velocity is miles/hour. The SI unit for velocity is ________. A) km/hr B) km/s C) m/hr D) m/s E) cm/s Answer: D 12) The density of a gold nugget is 19.3 g/cm3. If the volume of the gold nugget is 0.00369 L, the mass of the nugget is ________ g. A) 71.2 B) 0.191 C) 19.3 D) 5.23 E) none of the above Answer: A 13) The length of the side of a cube having a density of 12.6 g/ml and a mass of 7.65 g is ________ cm. A) 3.20 B) 0.847 C) 1.02 D) 0.584 E) 1.32 Answer: B Diff: 4 14) The unit of force in the English measurement system is . The SI unit of force is the Newton, which is ________ in base SI units. A) B) C) D) E) Answer: C 15) Momentum is defined as the product of mass and velocity. The SI unit for momentum is ________. A) B) C) D) E) Answer: A 16) The SI unit of temperature is ________. A) K B) °C C) °F D) t E) T Answer: A 17) The freezing point of water at 1 atm pressure is ________. A) 0 °F B) 0 K C) 0 °C D) -273 °C E) -32 °F Answer: C 18) A temperature of ________ K is the same as 63 °F. A) 17 B) 276 C) 290 D) 29 E) 336 Answer: C 19) 1 nanometer = ________ picometers A) 1000 B) 0.1 C) 0.01 D) 1 E) 10 Answer: A 20) 1 picometer = ________ centimeters A) 1 × 1010 B) 1 × 10-10 C) 1 × 108 D) 1 × 10-8 E) 1 × 10-12 Answer: B 21) 1 kilogram = ________ milligrams A) 1 × 10-6 B) 1,000 C) 10,000 D) 1,000,000 E) none of the above Answer: D 22) "Absolute zero" refers to ________. A) 0 Kelvin B) 0° Fahrenheit C) 0° Celsius D) °C + 9/5(°F - 32) E) 273.15 °C Answer: A 23) The density (in g/cm3) of a gold nugget that has a volume of 1.68 cm3 and a mass of 32.4 g is ________. A) 0.0519 B) 19.3 C) 54.4 D) 0.0184 E) 32.4 Answer: B 24) A certain liquid has a density of 2.67 g/cm3. 1340 g of this liquid would occupy a volume of ________ L. A) 1.99 × 10-3 B) 50.2 C) 3.58 D) 35.8 E) 0.502 Answer: E 25) A certain liquid has a density of 2.67 g/cm3. 30.5 mL of this liquid would have a mass of ________ Kg. A) 81.4 B) 11.4 C) 0.0875 D) 0.0814 E) 0.0114 Answer: D 26) Osmium has a density of 22.6 g/cm3. The mass of a block of osmium that measures 1.01 cm × 0.233 cm × 0.648 cm is ________ g. A) 6.75 × 10-3 B) 3.45 C) 148 D) 6.75 × 103 E) 34.5 Answer: B 27) 3.337 g/cm3 = ________ kg/m3 A) 3.337 × 10-9 B) 3.337 × 10-5 C) 3337 D) 0.3337 E) 333.7 Answer: C 28) One side of a cube measures 1.55 m. The volume of this cube is ________ cm3. A) 2.40 × 104 B) 3.72 × 106 C) 2.40 D) 3.72 E) 155 Answer: B Diff: 4 29) The length of the side of a cube (in cm) having a volume of 44.4 L is ________. A) 875 B) 35.4 C) 6.66 D) 66.6 E) 0.354 Answer: B Diff: 4 30) 45 m/s = ________ km/hr A) 2.7 B) 0.045 C) 1.6 × 102 D) 2.7 × 103 E) 1.6 × 105 Answer: C Page Ref: Sec. 1.6 , 1.6 31) If an object, beginning at rest, is moving at a speed of 700 m/s after 2.75 min, its rate of acceleration (in m/s2) is ________. (Assume that the rate of acceleration is constant.) A) 1.16 × 105 B) 255 C) 193 D) 4.24 E) 1.53 × 104 Answer: D Diff: 4 Page Ref: Sec. 1.6 , 1.6 32) The correct answer (reported to the proper number of significant figures) to the following is ________. 6.3 × 3.25 = ________ A) 20. B) 20.475 C) 20.48 D) 20.5 E) 21 Answer: A 33) The correct answer (reported to the proper number of significant figures) to the following is ________. (2.05631)(6.9391136) / 12.59326 = ________ A) 1.1330639 B) 1.13306 C) 1.133064 D) 1.1361 E) none of the above Answer: B 34) The correct answer (reported to the proper number of significant figures) to the following is ________. 12.75 × 1.3621 = ________ A) 17.367 B) 17.40 C) 17.37 D) 17.4 E) 17.0 Answer: C 35) The correct answer (reported to the proper number of significant figures) to the following is ________. (12.67 + 19.2)(3.99) / (1.36 + 11.366) = ________ A) 9.99851 B) 9.9985 C) 9.999 D) 1.00 × 101 E) none of the above Answer: D 36) The number 1.00430 has ________ significant figures. A) 2 B) 3 C) 5 D) 6 E) 4 Answer: D 37) The correct result (indicating the proper number of significant figures) of the following addition is ________. 12 1.2 0.12 + 0.012 A) 13 B) 13.3 C) 13.33 D) 13.332 E) none of the above Answer: A 38) The correct result (indicating the proper number of significant figures) of the following problem is ________. A) 113.73635 B) 113.736 C) 113.74 D) 113.7 E) 1.1 × 102 Answer: E 39) The correct result (indicating the proper number of significant figures) of the following calculation of the molecular mass for H2SO4 is ________. 4 × 15.9994 + 32.066 + 2 × 1.0079 A) 98.08 B) 98.079 C) 98.074 D) 98.838 E) 98.84 Answer: B 40) The volume of a regular cylinder is V =?r2h. Using the value 3.1416 for the constant ?, the volume (cm3) of a cylinder of radius 2.34 cm and height 19.91 cm expressed to the correct number of significant figures is ________. A) 342.49471 B) 342.495 C) 342.49 D) 343 E) 342 Answer: E Diff: 4 41) There are ________ significant figures in the answer to the following computation: A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) 5 Answer: B 42) There should be ________ significant figures in the answer to the following computation. A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) 5 Answer: B 43) ________ significant figures should be retained in the result of the following calculation. A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) 5 Answer: B 44) The density of a 167.4 g sample of magnesium having a volume of 96.32 mL is ________ g/cm3. A) 0.5754 B) 7128 C) 3.625 D) 2.663 E) 1.738 Answer: E Page Ref: Sec. 1.6 , 1.6 45) The output of a plant is 4335 pounds of ball bearings per week (five days). If each ball bearing weighs 0.0113 g, how many ball bearings does the plant make in a single day? (Indicate the number in proper scientific notation with the appropriate number of significant figures.) A) 3.84 × 105 B) 7.67 × 104 C) 867 D) 3.48 × 107 E) 2.91 × 106 Answer: D Diff: 4 Page Ref: Sec. 1.6 , 1.6 46) The density of mercury is 13.6 g/cm3. The density of mercury is ________ kg/m3. A) 1.36 × 10-2 B) 1.36 × 104 C) 1.36 × 108 D) 1.36 × 10-5 E) 1.36 × 10-4 Answer: B Diff: 4 Page Ref: Sec. 1.6 , 1.6 47) The distance from the Earth to the Moon is approximately 240,000 miles. If a rocket travels at a speed of 7.50 km/sec, it will take ________ days to travel between the Earth and Moon. A) 0.60 B) 1.7 C) 3.9 D) 7.3 E) 5.6 Answer: A Page Ref: Sec. 1.6 , 1.6 48) 1.55 kg/m3 is equivalent to ________ g/L. A) 3.58 × 1012 B) 1.95 × 103 C) 6.83 D) 1.60 × 109 E) 1.55 Answer: E Page Ref: Sec. 1.6 , 1.6 49) An iron mine produces 1.67 × 104 tons of raw ore per day. If the ore is 26.39% elemental iron, the mine produces ________ pounds of elemental iron per year. (Assume the mine operates 365 days per year.) A) 1.221 × 1010 B) 8.814 × 106 C) 3.217 × 109 D) 1.611 × 106 E) 3.66 × 1011 Answer: C Diff: 4 Page Ref: Sec. 1.6 , 1.6 50) A 4.369 g sample of metal is placed in a flask. Water is added to the flask and the total volume in the flask is read to be 126.4 ml. The mass of the water, flask, and metal is 268.5 g. If the mass of the flask is 139.3 g and the density of water is 1.000 g/mL, the density of the solid is ________ g/cm3. A) 0.366 B) 1.56 C) 0.641 D) 2.78 E) 3.21 Answer: D Diff: 4 Page Ref: Sec. 1.6 , 1.6 51) The quantity 1.0 mg/cm2 is the same as 1.0 × ________ kg/m2. A) 10-4 B) 102 C) 10-6 D) 10-2 E) 104 Answer: D Page Ref: Sec. 1.6 , 1.6 52) A rectangular water tank is 14.5 cm long and 4.63 cm wide. If 368.5 g of water completely fills the tank, the height of the tank is ________ cm. (Assume the density of water is 1.000 g/ml.) A) 6.45 B) 5.49 C) 14.0 D) 3.68 E) 4.62 Answer: B Page Ref: Sec. 1.6 , 1.6 53) There are ________ ng in a pg. A) 0.001 B) 1000 C) 0.01 D) 100 E) 10 Answer: A Page Ref: Sec. 1.6 , 1.6 54) One edge of a cube is measured and found to be 13 cm. The volume of the cube in m3 is ________. A) 2.2 × 10-3 B) 2.2 × 10-6 C) 2.2 D) 2.2 × 103 E) 2.2 × 106 Answer: A Diff: 4 Page Ref: Sec. 1.6 , 1.6 55) The density of lead is 11.4 g/cm3. The mass of a lead ball with a radius of 0.50 mm is ________ g. (? = 3.1416; Vsphere = 4?r3/3) A) 6.0 B) 4.6 × 10-2 C) 4.6 × 10-5 D) 6.0 × 10-3 E) 4.6 Answer: D Diff: 4 Page Ref: Sec. 1.6 , 1.6 1.3 Algorithmic Questions 1) In the following list, only ________ is not an example of matter. A) people B) word C) clock D) mug E) neon Answer: B Var: 50+ Page Ref: Sec. 1.1 2) The symbol for the element phosphorus is ________. A) Pt B) K C) P D) S E) Ca Answer: C Var: 5 3) The element hydrogen has the symbol ________. A) H B) He C) K D) B E) Ar Answer: A Var: 5 4) Which one of the following has the element name and symbol correctly matched? A) Ne, nitrogen B) Si, sulfur C) Ca, carbon D) Be, beryllium E) None of the symbols are correctly matched to the element name. Answer: D Var: 50+ 5) Which one of the following is a pure substance? A) tap water B) rock C) air D) elemental oxygen E) apple Answer: D Var: 50+ 6) The symbol for the element neon is ________. A) Rb B) Si C) Mg D) Mn E) Ne Answer: E Var: 5 7) The symbol for the element sodium is ________. A) Me B) Hg C) Sn D) Na E) Pb Answer: D Var: 4 8) Express the temperature, 275.18 K, in degrees Celsius. A) 548.33 °C B) 274.17 °C C) 2.03 °C D) 120.88 °C E) 22.78 °C Answer: C Var: 4 9) The temperature of 25 °C is ________ in Kelvins. A) 103 B) 138 C) 166 D) 248 E) 298 Answer: E Var: 5 10) An object will sink in a liquid if the density of the object is greater than that of the liquid. The mass of a sphere is 9.83 g. If the volume of this sphere is less than ________ cm3, then the sphere will sink in liquid mercury (density = 13.6 g/cm3). A) 0.723 B) 1.38 C) 134 D) 7.48 E) none of the above Answer: A Var: 5 , 1.6 11) What decimal power does the abbreviation d represent? A) 1 × 10-2 B) 10 C) 1 × 10-9 D) 1 × 10-1 E) 1 × 103 Answer: D Var: 10 12) An object measuring 25.0 inches will have a length of ________ centimeters. A) 63.5 B) 9.84 C) 0.0158 D) 0.102 E) 2.54 Answer: A Var: 6 , 1.6 13) An object measuring 0.4500 kilograms will have a mass of ________ grams. A) 450.0 B) 0.0004500 C) 45.00 D) 4.500 E) 2222 Answer: A Var: 6 , 1.6 14) An object measuring 77 milliliters will have a volume of ________ liters. A) 0.077 B) 77000 C) 13 D) 7700 E) 770 Answer: A Var: 6 , 1.6 15) An object measuring 0.76 decimeters will have a length of ________ centimeters. A) 7.6 B) 0.076 C) 0.0076 D) 1100 E) 0.00076 Answer: A Var: 6 , 1.6 16) What decimal power does the abbreviation nano represent? A) 1 × 106 B) 1 × 109 C) 1 × 10-1 D) 1 × 10-9 E) 1 × 10-12 Answer: D Var: 10 17) A temperature of 290. K is the same as ________ °F. A) 63 B) 81 C) 260 D) 711 E) 351 Answer: A Var: 5 18) A temperature of 10.00 °C is the same as ________ °F. A) 50.00 B) 32.18 C) -12.22 D) 283.15 E) -263.15 Answer: A Var: 6 19) A temperature of 100. °F is the same as ________ °C. A) 38 B) 212 C) 700. D) 373 E) -173 Answer: A Var: 6 20) A temperature of 55.0 °F is the same as ________ °C. A) 12.8 B) 131.0 C) 32.0 D) 328.2 E) -218.2 Answer: A Var: 6 21) Of the following, ________ is the smallest mass. A) 55 kg B) 55 mg C) 55 pg D) 55 fg E) 55 ng Answer: D Var: 5 22) Of the following, ________ is the largest mass. A) 284.7 Mg B) 284.7 dg C) 284.7 g D) 284.7 Tg E) 284.7 Gg Answer: D Var: 5 23) What is the volume (in cm3) of a 36.7 g piece of metal with a density of 6.95 g/cm3? A) 5.28 B) 19.5 C) .425 D) 6.65 E) none of the above Answer: A Var: 9 , 1.6 24) The density of silver is 10.5 g/cm3. A piece of silver with a mass of 61.3 g would occupy a volume of ________ cm3. A) 0.171 B) 644 C) 10.5 D) 0.00155 E) 5.84 Answer: E Var: 5 , 1.6 25) A cube of an unknown metal measures 0.250 cm on one side. The mass of the cube is 0.095 g. Which of the following is most likely the unknown metal? A) zirconium B) rhodium C) vanadium D) copper E) niobium Answer: C Var: 5 , 1.6 26) Gold has a density of 0.01932 kg/cm3. What volume (in cm3) would be occupied by a 22.2 g sample of gold? A) 0.429 B) 0.870 C) 0.000429 D) 16.81 E) 1.15 Answer: E Var: 6 , 1.6 27) Gold has a density of 0.01932 kg/cm3. What is the mass (in kg) of a 92.5 cm3 sample of gold? A) 1.79 B) 0.560 C) 92.5 D) 0.000209 E) 4790 Answer: A Var: 6 , 1.6 28) The density of silver is 10.5 g/ cm3. A piece of silver that occupies a volume of 9.60 cm3 would have a mass of ________ g. A) 101 B) .445 C) 2.25 D) 112 E) 23.6 Answer: A Var: 5 , 1.6 29) The correct answer (reported to the proper number of significant figures) to the following is ________. 7.3 × 4.68 = ________ Answer: 34 Var: 10 30) The correct answer (reported to the proper number of significant figures) to the following is ________. (1501-1496) × (9.18 × 3.68) = ________ Answer: 200 Diff: 4 Var: 10 31) 2.98 lbs = ________ grams. Answer: 1350 Diff: 4 Var: 10 Page Ref: Sec 1.4, 1.5 , 1.6 32) Which of the following has the same number of significant figures as the number 0.0050? A) 0.9 B) 4.0 C) 1.00 D) 601 E) 99.000 Answer: B Var: 5 33) How many Significant Figures does the number 0.005000 have? A) 4 B) 5 C) 1 D) 2 E) 3 Answer: A Var: 5 34) The number 0.0101 has ________ significant figures. A) 2 B) 3 C) 5 D) 4 E) 6 Answer: B Var: 5 35) In which one of the following numbers are none of the zeros significant? A) 10.0 B) 103 C) 161.00 D) 0.00050 E) 0.009 Answer: E Var: 50+ Page Ref: Sec 1.5 36) Round the number 0.00637 to two significant figures. A) 0.0064 B) 0.006 C) 0.00637 D) 0.0 E) 0.0063700 Answer: A Var: 5 37) How many significant figures are in the number 4001? A) 3 B) 4 C) 5 D) 6 E) 7 Answer: B Var: 6 38) How many significant figures are in the measurement 5000 g? A) 4 B) 2 C) 3 D) 1 E) 5 Answer: D Var: 10 39) The number with the most significant zeros is ________. A) 0.08 B) 0.00090 C) 90.300 D) 0.008001 E) 591 Answer: C Var: 50+ 40) The width, length, and height of a large, custom-made shipping crate are 1.12 m, 1.25 m, and 0.83 m, respectively. The volume of the box using the correct number of significant figures is ________ m3. A) 1.16200 B) 1.2 C) 1.16 D) 1.162 E) 1.1620 Answer: B Var: 10 41) The estimated costs for remodelling the interior of an apartment are: three 1-gallon cans of paint at $15.44 each, two paint brushes at $12.22 each, and $145 for a helper. The total estimated cost with the appropriate significant figures is $________. A) 215.76 B) 2.2 × 102 C) 216 D) 2 × 102 E) 215.8 Answer: C Var: 10 42) Round the following number to four significant figures and express the result in standard exponential notation: 0.00222755 A) 0.2228 × 10-2 B) 0.002228 C) 2.228 × 103 D) 2.228 × 10-3 E) 22.28 × 102 Answer: D Var: 10 43) The quantity ________ m is the same as 4 km. A) 4000 B) 400 C) 0.004 D) 0.04 E) 40 Answer: A Var: 5 Page Ref: Sec. 1.6 , 1.6 44) How many liters of wine can be held in a wine barrel whose capacity is 30.0 gal? A) 1.26 × 10-4 B) 0.126 C) 114 D) 7.93 × 103 E) 7.93 Answer: C Var: 10 Page Ref: Sec. 1.6 , 1.6 45) The recommended adult dose of Elixophyllin, a drug used to treat asthma, is 6.00 mg/kg of body mass. Calculate the dose in milligrams for a 134-lb person. A) 20 B) 1,773 C) 1.8 D) 365 E) 3.6 × 105 Answer: D Var: 10 Page Ref: Sec. 1.6 , 1.6 GO: G7 46) The density of air under ordinary conditions at 25 °C is 1.19 g/L. How many kilograms of air are in a room that measures 9.0 ft × 11.0 ft and has a 10.0 ft ceiling? A) 2.99 B) 0.124 C) 3.34 × 104 D) 0.0644 E) 33.4 Answer: E Var: 12 Page Ref: Sec. 1.6 , 1.6 47) Which of the following liquids has the greatest density? A) 13 cm3 with a mass of 23 g B) 3.5 cm3 with a mass of 10 g C) 0.022 cm3 with a mass of 0.10 g D) 54 cm3 with a mass of 45 g E) 210 cm3 with a mass of 12 g Answer: C Var: 5 , 1.6 48) How many liters of air are in a room that measures 11.0 ft × 12.0 ft and has a 10.0 ft ceiling? 1 in. = 2.54 cm (exactly); 1 L = 103 cm3 A) 3.74 × 104 B) 139 C) 40.2 D) 4.02 × 107 E) 1.01 × 106 Answer: A Var: 12 Page Ref: Sec. 1.6 , 1.6 1.4 Short Answer Questions 1) Gases do not have a fixed ________ as they are able to be ________. Answer: volume, compressed 2) The symbol for the element phosphorus is ________. Answer: P 3) Sn is the symbol for the element ________. Answer: Tin 4) Si is the symbol for the element ________. Answer: Silicon 5) Cu is the symbol for the element ________. Answer: Copper 6) Mass and volume are often referred to as ________ properties of substances. Answer: extensive 7) 1 milligram = ________ micrograms Answer: 1,000 8) 1.035 × 10-4 L = ________ mL Answer: 0.1035 1.5 True/False Questions 1) Water is considered to be a diatomic molecule because it is composed of two different atoms. Answer: FALSE 2) A scientific theory is a concise statement or an equation that summarizes a broad variety of observations. Answer: FALSE GO: G1 3) 3.2 cm3 = 0.0032 L Answer: TRUE 4) Temperature is a physical property that determines the direction of heat flow. Answer: TRUE 5) There are 6 significant figures in the number 0.003702. Answer: FALSE