Which of the following statements describes a normal adult lung?
a. The left lung is bisected by two fissures.
b. The left lung has an upper, a middle, and a lower lobe.
c. The right lung has only an upper and a lower lobe.
d. The right lung has three lobes and two fissures.
Q. 2 What forces establish the sub-atmospheric pressure found in the pleural space?
a. Contraction of accessory muscles of in-spiration
b. Contraction of expiratory muscles
c. Equal opposing tendency of the chest wall to expand and lung to collapse
d. Effect of gravity, particularly at the base of the lungs
Q. 3 What is the primary mechanism that stops the lungs from collapsing at the end of exhalation?
a. Radial tethers, stretched to their maximum length, then halt lung collapse.
b. Surfactant neutralizes the tendency of the lung to collapse.
c. There is a tendency of the chest wall to lock at the level of FRC.
d. There is an equal opposing tendency of the chest wall to expand.
Q. 4 What will happen when the lung is surgically removed from the thorax?
a. The lung will appear to undergo no change.
b. The lung will collapse.
c. The lung will expand.
d. The response of the lung will depend on its age and pathology.
Q. 5 What is the mediastinum?
a. Membranous sac surrounding the heart and great vessels
b. Middle layer of muscle fibers constituting the heart
c. Point of division of the trachea into the bronchi
d. Structure separating the right and left thoracic cavities
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