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Home Q & A Board Science-Related Homework Help Chemistry (Moderator: Laser_3)
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Omarlate Omarlate
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6 years ago
Solids generally expand as the temperature increases. Such an expansion results from an increase in the bond length between adjacent atoms as the vibrational amplitude increases.
 
  Will a harmonic potential between adjacent atoms lead to thermal expansion? Will a Morse potential lead to thermal expansion?
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6 years ago
Because a harmonic potential is symmetric about the equilibrium distance, the average bond length is independent of the energy level, and therefore independent of distance. A harmonic potential will not give rise to thermal expansion. A Morse potential falls off more slowly for distances greater than the equilibrium value than for distances smaller than the equilibrium value. Therefore, the bond length increases with the quantum number, and a Morse potential will give rise to thermal expansion.
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