Plants and Animals

Only living things have cells. Plant cells can be distinguished from animal cells by three characteristics. First, plant cells are bounded by a cell membrane and a rigid cell wall, whereas animal cells have only a cell membrane to protect their insides from the outside environment. Second, plant cells have mitochondria and chloroplasts (an organelle that uses photosynthesis) to produce energy, while animal cells only have mitochondria. Finally, plant cells contain vacuoles- storage units-which are absent in many animal cells.
The similarities between plant and animal cells are that they are both eukaryotic cells (cells that contain a nucleus). They share many kinds of cell parts (or organelles) such as the nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus, lysosomes, cytosol and cell membrane.
Coral polyps are living animals. Some corals have a symbiotic relationship with plant cells (zooxanthellae). These types of corals are typically found in areas close to the surface of water so that the zooxanthellae can use photosynthesis to create energy. Because zooxanthellae uses less than 5% of the energy it produces while the rest goes to the corals, corals containing zooxanthellae are usually the reef-building types of corals

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