so... Now i have Exercise 2 can you help me with this one?
Single Stimulus
Activity 1: Identifying the Latent Period
1. How long is the latent period? 2.78msec
2. Does the latent period change with different stimulus voltages? NO
Activity 2: Identifying the Threshold Voltage
1. What do you see in the Active Force display?
2. What is the threshold voltage? .8V
3. How does the graph generated at the threshold voltage differ from the graphs generated at voltages below the threshold?
Activity 3: Effect of Increases in Stimulus Intensity
1. How did the increases in voltage affect the peaks in the tracings?
2. How did the increases in voltage affect the amount of active force generated by the muscle?
3. What is the voltage beyond which there were no further increases in active force? Maximal voltage: V
4. Why is there a maximal voltage? What has happened to the muscle at this voltage?
5. An individual muscle fiber follows the all-or-none principle—it will either contract 100% or not at all. Does the muscle we are working with exhibit the all-or-none principle? Why or why not?
Multiple Stimulus
Activity 4: Treppe
1. What do you observe?
Activity 5: Summation
1. What is the active force of the contraction? gms
2. What is the active force now? gms
3. Was there any change in the force generated by the muscle?
4. Was there any change in the force generated by the muscle?
5. Why has the force changed?
6. Do you see the same pattern of changes in the force generated?
7. Does the force generated change with each additional stimulus? If so, why?
Activity 6: Tetanus
1. What begins to happen at around 80 msec?
2. What is this condition called?
3. How does the trace at 130 stimuli/sec compare with the trace at 50 stimuli/sec?
4. What is this condition called?
5. At what stimulus frequency is there no further increase in force?
6. What is this stimulus frequency called?
Activity 7: Fatigue
1. In fatigue, what happens to force production over time?
Isometric and Isotonic Contractions
Activity 8: Isometric Contractions
1. Looking at your graph, what muscle lengths generated the most active force? (provide a range) to mm
2. At what muscle length does passive force begin to play less of a role in the total force generated by the muscle? mm
3. Looking at your graph, at what muscle length does passive force begin to play a role in the total force generated by the muscle? mm
4. The graph shows a dip at muscle length = 90 mm. Why is this?
5. What is the key variable in an isometric contraction?
Activity 9: Isotonic Contractions
1. How much time does it take for the muscle to generate 0.5 grams of force? msec
2. At what point in the trace does the muscle shorten?
3. You can observe from the trace that the muscle is rising in force before it reaches the plateau phase. Why doesn’t the muscle shorten prior to the plateau phase?
4. Did it take any longer for the muscle to reach the force it needed to move the weight?
5. How does this trace differ from the trace you generated with the 0.5 gram weight attached?
6. Examine the plot data and your numerical data. At what weight was the velocity of contraction the fastest? grams
7. What happened when you attached the 2.0 gram weight to the muscle and stimulated the muscle? How did this trace differ from the other traces? What kind of contraction did you observe?
8. What kind of trace did you get?
9. What was the force of the contraction? grams
10. With the 1.0 gram weight, what kind of trace did you get? What was the force of the contraction? grams
11. With the 1.5 gram weight, what kind of trace did you get? What was the force of the contraction? grams
12. With the 2.0 gram weight, what kind of trace did you get? What was the force of the contraction? grams
13. Describe your four tracings and explain what has happened in each of them.
14. What muscle length(s) generated the fastest contraction velocity?