Historical-comparative research is grounded in the Annales School. Which of the following best describes
the Annales School?
A) It avoids all attempts at theorizing or making generalizations. It is entirely ideographic.
B) It was formed by German sociologists and historians living in the U.S after WW II.
C) It focuses almost exclusively on political factors and ignores all other types of factors.
D) It is interested in long-term changes in social structure and the consciousness of ordinary people by
mixing historical analysis with abstract theory.
Dr. Marshall conducted an experiment to test changes in sex roles due to spending an entire day reading
about the achievements of great women artists and scientists. The experimental group read fifteen articles
about great women.
The control group read fifteen articles about cooking, automobiles, astronomy, and
accounting. During the lunch break, subjects from the experimental and control groups met and talked about
what they were reading. What internal validity problem may occur?
A) experimental mortality B) maturation
C) diffusion of treatment D) testing
For the positivist approach to research, a theory looks like
A) a logical system of laws, axioms, and propositions.
B) a descriptive travel book or guidebook to a different society.
C) a critique which claims that people are being mislead.
D) a novel or story of specific people and places.
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