If all the values of one variable are about the same, and the values of a second variable are very different, then the correlation coefficient will approach
a. 1.0
b. zero
c. -1.0
d. either 1.0 or -1.0
In a study examining the effects of gender (male or female) and major (psychology, computer science, philosophy, or biology) on college students' willingness to perform community service work, how many main effects are possible?
a. 3
b. 6
c. 5
d. 2
In New York State, the winter months produce higher heating bills and higher levels of depression. Although the numbers show that higher heating bills are related to higher levels of depression, what is the most likely explanation for this relationship?
a. cause and effect
b. the directionality problem
c. the third-variable problem
d. the extraneous variable problem
When sampling is done to find certain types of people, such as people who have been married for at least two years, the sample is most likely a(n) ____ sample.
a. quota
b. purposive
c. modal instance
d. expert
Induction and deduction are complementary processes in the scientific process.
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
For a 2 x 4 factorial design, there is the possibility of _____ main effect(s) and _____ interaction effect(s).
a. 2; 1
b. 4; 8
c. 8; 8
d. 2; 4
A researcher is performing an experiment to determine whether eating protein causes a sad mood. Measurements of mood in this experiment would be the ____ variable.
a. independent
b. dependent
c. experimental
d. controlled
An experiment conducted by a college professor with introductory psychology students from his school as the subjects is most likely to be using a(n) ____ sample.
a. convenience
b. purposive
c. modal instance
d. heterogeneity
A theory cannot be precise if it is testable.
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
In a study with three levels of factor A, three levels of factor B, and six participants in each condition, the df error would be
a. 54
b. 20
c. 53
d. 45
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