Aldosterone acts on the ________.
A) proximal convoluted tubule
B) medullary portion of the collecting duct
C) distal convoluted tubule
D) descending limb of the nephron loop
E) glomerulus
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Question 2) The solar plexus is used as a name for the ________.
A) spinal nerve route
B) splanchic nerves
C) carotid plexus
D) the celiac and mesenteric ganglia
E) sympathetic nerve route
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Question 3) Most preganglionic fibers in the sympathetic nervous system synapse with ________.
A) no neurons
B) somatic neurons
C) effectors directly
D) 10-20 postganglionic neurons
E) parasympathetic neurons
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Question 4) The long absolute refractory period of cardiocytes ________.
A) ensures a short twitch
B) prevents tetanus
C) causes the pacemaker potential
D) makes the heart prone to arrhythmias
E) prevents the occurrence of ectopic focuses
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Question 5) Which of the following is a direct result of antidiuretic hormone?
A) Increased urine acidity
B) Decreased urine volume
C) Decreased urine molarity
D) Increased urine salinity
E) Increased urine volume
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Question 6) Which of the following structures is not associated with the autonomic nervous system?
A) Oculomotor nerve
B) Splanchnic nerve
C) Preganglionic neuron
D) Facial nerve
E) Postganglionic neuron
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Question 7) The long plateau in the action potential observed in cardiocytes is probably related with ________ staying longer in the cytosol.
A) Na+, K+, and Ca2+
B) Ca2+
C) Cl-
D) Na+
E) K+
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Question 8) Total saturation of protein transporters for a given solute in the renal tubules would result in ________.
A) a renal clearance of zero
B) reabsorption of all the solute
C) appearance of that solute in the urine
D) a net filtration pressure of 1.0
E) absence of that solute from the urine
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Question 9) Which of the following structures releases neurotransmitter in a paravertebral ganglion?
A) Postganglionic sympathetic fiber
B) Somatic motor fiber
C) Postganglionic parasympathetic fiber
D) Preganglionic parasympathetic fiber
E) Preganglionic sympathetic fiber
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Question 10) Atrial depolarization causes the ________.
A) P wave
B) first heart sound
C) quiescent period
D) QRS complex
E) T wave
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