Under normal conditions, most water loss from the body is through the
A. skin.
B. kidneys.
C. lungs.
D. GI tract.
E. sweat.
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Question 2) Which of the following is an example of water conservation by the body?
A. diarrhea
B. perspiration
C. decreased water intake
D. decreased urine volume
E. increased urine volume
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Question 3) Loss of a large volume of sweat will
A. decrease the hematocrit.
B. decrease ADH production.
C. increase the blood pressure.
D. increase the osmolality of body fluids.
E. decrease the osmolality of body fluids.
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Question 4) Sensible perspiration
A. contains only water.
B. is water lost through simple evaporation.
C. is secreted by the sweat glands.
D. is invisible on the skin.
E. is secreted by salivary glands.
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Question 5) In which of the following situations does one see large volumes of dilute urine produced?
A. ADH levels decrease
B. renin levels increase
C. aldosterone levels increase
D. parathyroid hormone levels decrease
E. ADH levels increase
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Question 6) Calcitonin
A. promotes the absorption of calcium from the gastrointestinal tract.
B. promotes osteoclast activity in the bones.
C. reduces calcium excretion by the kidneys.
D. reduces extracellular calcium ion levels.
E. increases blood calcium levels.
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Question 7) Increased osmolality of the ECF
A. increases thirst.
B. inhibits ADH.
C. increases renin secretion.
D. increases aldosterone secretion.
E. decreases thirst.
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Question 8) A major complication of thyroid surgery is the accidental damaging or removal of the parathyroid glands. This damage or removal of the parathyroid glands can result in
A. increased sodium retention.
B. increased plasma volume.
C. decreased plasma calcium.
D. delayed healing.
E. increased plasma calcium.
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Question 9) The sensation of thirst results from
A. an increase in the plasma volume.
B. hypertension (increased blood pressure).
C. stimulation of osmoreceptor cells in the hypothalamus.
D. a decrease in the osmolality of the extracellular fluid.
E. stimulation of baroreceptors.
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Question 10) Stimulus for the secretion of parathyroid hormone is a decrease in serum
A. potassium levels.
B. calcium levels.
C. calcitonin levels.
D. phosphate levels.
E. sodium levels.
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