Which is a result of hyperventilation?
A. respiratory alkalosis
B. respiratory acidosis
C. increased blood PCO2
D. metabolic acidosis
E. metabolic alkalosis
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Question 2) Curve B below represents the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve for normal body temperature, arterial hydrogen ion concentration, and DPG concentration.
A. Curve A may represent the dissociation at higher than normal arterial H+ concentration.
B. Curve C may represent the dissociation at lower than normal body temperature.
C. Curve A may represent the dissociation at very low 2,3 diphosphoglycerate levels.
D. Curve C may represent the dissociation at lower than normal arterial H+ concentration.
E. Curve A may represent the dissociation at higher than normal body temperature.
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Question 3) Which of the following would cause a decrease in the binding affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen?
A. increased pH of the blood
B. increased temperature of the blood
C. decreased DPG levels in erythrocytes
D. the presence of carbon monoxide
E. decreased concentration of H+ in the blood
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Question 4) Carbonic anhydrase catalyzes a reaction that combines which of the following?
A. H2O and O2
B. H2O and CO2
C. H2O and CO
D. H+ and HCO3-
E. CO2 and O2
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Question 5) After CO2 is produced by tissues, in what form is most of that carbon transported to the lungs for removal from the body?
A. as dissolved CO2
B. bound to hemoglobin
C. as H2CO3
D. as dissolved HCO3-
E. as carbonic anhydrase
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Question 6) Which of the following is NOT true regarding ventilation-perfusion inequality?
A. No inequality exists in normal lungs.
B. It may result from increased alveolar dead space.
C. It is increased from normal in patients with emphysema.
D. It is caused by too little or too much blood flow relative to ventilation.
E. It is caused by too little or too much ventilation relative to blood flow.
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Question 7) Which of these is demonstrated by the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve?
A. The greater the PO2 of the blood, the greater the dissociation of O2 from hemoglobin.
B. At normal resting systemic arterial PO2 , hemoglobin is almost 100 saturated with oxygen.
C. At normal resting systemic venous PO2 , only about 75 of the hemoglobin is in the form of deoxyhemoglobin.
D. More additional oxygen binds to hemoglobin when going from a PO2 of 60 to 100 mmHg, than is added when going from a PO2 of 40 to 60 mmHg.
E. As PO2 increases, the saturation of hemoglobin with oxygen increases linearly.
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Question 8) In which form is most of the oxygen carried in arterial blood?
A. bound to hemoglobin
B. dissolved in the plasma
C. dissolved in the cytosol of erythrocytes
D. converted to HCO3-
E. bound to myoglobin
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Question 9) If all other factors remain the same, which of these results in an increase in the amount of oxygen bound to hemoglobin?
A. increased plasma H+
B. increased plasma temperature
C. increased plasma 2,3 diphosphoglycerate
D. increased plasma PO2
E. increased plasma carbon monoxide
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Question 10) Which of these results from hyperventilation?
A. increased alveolar PCO2 and decreased alveolar PO2
B. an increase in both alveolar PCO2 and PO2
C. decreased alveolar PCO2 and increased alveolar PO2
D. a decrease in both alveolar PCO2 and PO2
E. the same alveolar PCO2 as under normal conditions
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