The energy released from a nuclear reaction is equal to:
a. energy associated with momentum conservation.
b. the exothermic endothermy.
c. energy associated with the change in mass.
d. the total charge involved.
[Ques. 2] What is the energy released for the reaction where the products are 0.0051 u less than the reactants? (1 u = 931.5 MeV/c2)
a. 7.6 MeV
c. 4.8 MeV
b. 5.2 MeV
d. 8.5 MeV
[Ques. 3] A deuteron is captured by an oxygen-16 atom which in turn emits a proton. What is the element and mass number of the product isotope?
a. oxygen-15
c. nitrogen-15
b. fluorine-15
d. oxygen-17
[Ques. 4] If the sum total mass of reactants in a nuclear reaction is less than that of product particles, then which of the following statements best describes the conditions of the reaction?
a. reaction releases energy
b. reaction absorbs energy
c. atomic number of each reactant must be less than 80
d. atomic number of each reactant must be greater than 40
[Ques. 5] The isotope 238U, which starts one of the natural radioactive series, decays first by alpha decay followed by two negative beta decays. At this point, what is the resulting isotope?
a. 234Th (Z = 90 for Th.)
b. 236U
c. 238U
d. Some other uranium isotope not given above.
[Ques. 6] In the four radioactive series, the nuclei decay by either emitting alpha particles or beta particles until they reach the stable end product. Each decay, therefore, results in a mass number change of either 4 (for alpha decay) or 0 (for beta decay). The radium isotope 226Ra is in one of these series. What is the starting isotope in the series containing 226Ra?
a. 238U
c. 232Th
b. 235U
d. 237Np
[Ques. 7] An alpha particle (mass = 6.68 10-27 kg) is emitted from a radioactive nucleus with an energy of 6.22 MeV. How fast is the alpha particle moving in m/s? (1 MeV = 1.6 10-13 J)
a. 3.70 106 m/s
c. 1.55 107 m/s
b. 1.73 107 m/s
d. 1.85 106 m/s
[Ques. 8] The neutron is radioactive and can beta decay to form a proton. This can occur primarily because:
a. the neutron is neutral.
b. of the binding energy of hydrogen.
c. the proton has less mass than a neutron.
d. there are several hydrogen isotopes.
[Ques. 9] The original nucleus and the final nucleus will be different isotopes of the same element for which decay scheme of the original nucleus?
a. a beta (electron) decay followed by an alpha decay
b. a beta (electron) decay followed by neutron emission
c. alpha decay followed by two beta (electron) decays
d. two gamma decays
[Ques. 10] What particle is emitted when 236Pa decays to 236U? (The atomic numbers of Pa and U are, respectively, 91 and 92.)
a. beta (positron)
c. gamma quantum
b. alpha
d. beta (electron)
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