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Kwilliams85 Kwilliams85
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6 years ago
As the amount of O2 that dissolves in the plasma increases, what is it directly proportional to?
 
  a. Its partial pressure
  b. Its solubility coefficient
  c. Minute ventilation
  d. Temperature



Q. 2  During normal inspiration, which of the following occurs?
 
  a. Alveoli at the apexes expand less than those at the bases.
  b. Alveoli at the apexes expand more than those at the bases.
  c. Alveoli at the bases and apexes expand almost equally.
  d. Alveoli at the bases expand less than those at the apexes.



Q. 3  How is the vast majority of O2 carried in the blood?
 
  a. As bicarbonate ion (HCO3)
  b. As carbamino compounds
  c. Chemically combined with Hb
  d. In physical solution



Q. 4  Even in healthy young subjects, regional differences in pulmonary ventilation and blood flow result in the PaO2 being lower than the PAO2. Why is this so?
 
  a. Most blood flows through the apexes of the lung.
  b. Most blood flows through areas with high.
  c. Most blood flows through the bases of the lung.
  d. Most ventilation goes to the apexes of the lung.
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6 years ago
(Answer to Q. 1)  ANS: A
The relationship between partial pressure and dissolved O2 is direct and linear. By applying Hen-ry's law, the amount of dissolved O2 in the blood (at 37 C) can be computed with the following simple formula:
Dissolved oxygen (ml/dl) = PO2  0.003.

(Answer to Q. 2)  ANS: A
Like perfusion, ventilation also is increased in the lung bases, with approximately four times as much ventilation going to the bases than to the apexes of the upright lung.

(Answer to Q. 3)  ANS: C
The majority of O2 is carried in a reversible chemical combination with hemoglobin inside the RBC.

(Answer to Q. 4)  ANS: C
As shown in Table 12-1, because of gravity most blood flows to the lung bases, where the PO2 is lower and the PCO2 is higher than normal. After leaving the lung, this relatively large volume of blood combines with the smaller volume coming from the middle and apical regions. The result is a mixture of blood with less O2 and more carbon dioxide than would come from an ideal gas ex-change unit.
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