Faced with a choice between two pellets of food available in 20 seconds and three pellets of food available in 30 seconds, a rat will likely choose the _____ alternative. If 18 seconds are allowed to pass, such that the rat is faced with a choice between two pellets available in 2 seconds and three pellets available in 12 seconds, the rat will most likely choose the _____ alternative.
A) smaller; larger
B) larger; smaller
C) larger; larger
D) smaller; smaller
Question 2During tax season, there are a number of tax-preparation companies that provide immediate tax rebates, but take a substantial percentage of the total refund as a service fee. So, if someone were to receive a refund by mail, it might take several weeks (but the amount of money would be larger) whereas if that individual uses the immediate refund service, the amount of money is reduced but is received immediately. Individuals' willingness to pay steep fees to get their refunds immediately is consistent with:
A) the Ainslie-Rachlin model.
B) Skinner's model of countercontrol.
C) Bandura's reciprocal determinism.
D) the Rescorla-Wagner model.
Question 3If you ask a student to choose between getting an A at the end of a course or getting a D and a beer at the end of the course, most students would choose the former. If you ask students to choose between studying right now or going to a bar right now, however, many will choose the latter. According to the _____ model, this can be explained by the _____ value of a small reward when it is _____.
A) Ainslie-Rachlin; increasing; far away
B) Ainslie-Rachlin; increasing; imminent
C) controlled-response; decreasing; far away
D) controlled-response; increasing; imminent
Question 4In general, the value of a delayed reward:
A) climbs more and more rapidly as the reward draws near.
B) climbs at a constant rate as time passes and the reward draws near.
C) first decreases and then increases as the reward draws near.
D) first increases and then dips slightly as the reward draws near.
Question 5The general relationship between reward value and decreasing delay is that the function for reward value looks somewhat similar to the typical response pattern on a(n) _____ schedule of reinforcement.
A) FR
B) FI
C) VR
D) VI
Quick Reply
