Which of the following is NOT an example of a conditioned response?

Which of the following is NOT an example of a conditioned response?
 
  a. a positive emotional response when a man smells his girlfriend's perfume
  b. startle response in response to the sight of a gun
 c. fear response (autonomic arousal) when walking down a dark street
 d. startle response in response to loud noise

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Question 2

In short-circuiting the contingencies you arrange a reinforcer for desirable behaviors. However, when you fail to engage in the desirable behavior, you:
 
  a. reinforce the undesirable behavior
 b. allow yourself to have the reinforcer anyway
 c. withhold the reinforcer until you engage in the desirable behavior
  d. A and B

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Question 3

Which of the following is NOT an example of an unconditioned response?
 
  a. an eye blink in response to a puff of air in the eye
  b. pupil constriction due to bright light in the eye
 c. salivation in response to food in the mouth
 d. salivation in response to the sound of a dinner bell

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Question 4

Which of the following is NOT true concerning self-monitoring?
 
  a. self-monitoring involves recording each instance of the target behavior
 b. self-monitoring in conjunction with goal setting may change the behavior in the desired direction
  c. self-monitoring is stopped once the behavior reaches the desired level
 d. self-monitoring provides information on whether additional self-management strategies are required

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Question 5

Responses that are elicited by antecedent stimuli without any conditioning or learning taking place are referred to as ____________ responses.
 
  a. automatic
 b. uncontrolled
 c. conditioned
 d. unconditioned

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Question 6

In order to implement a self-management plan correctly, you must first:
 
  a. select appropriate self-management strategies
  b. define the target behavior
 c. eliminate competing behaviors
 d. set an achievable goal

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Question 7

In behavior modification, operant conditioning involves the manipulation of ____________ and respondent conditioning involves the manipulation of ____________.
 
  a. consequences; antecedent stimuli
  b. antecedent stimuli; consequences
  c. causes; effects
 d. effects; causes