What is the basic concept of reductionism?
A) Analyzing the situations from which a person's emotional problems arise
B) Substituting behavioral analysis for emotional assessment
C) The attempt to discover truth by reducing things to simplified units
D) Theory of the mind and body presented as one harmonious whole
Question 2Ronald Reagan displayed an emotional/intuitive personality, while Jimmy Carter displayed a ________ personality
A) conscientious/curious
B) conscientious/silly
C) conscientious/obsessive
D) obsessive/intuitive
Question 3Give one memorable example of personality in action as illustrated by the text.
A) Jimmy Carter watching the sound of music
B) Ronald Reagan joking about feeding popcorn and butter to illegal immigrants
C) Four-year-old Melissa giving into eating the soft, white, delicious marshmallow
D) Professor Berecz hitting a 9-year-old's abusive mother, sending her glasses flying
Question 4Which of these is a persistent problem for personality psychologists?
A) Person vs. situation
B) Stability vs. change of personality over time
C) Freedom vs. determinism
D) Group identity vs. alienation
Question 5Freud studied hysteria, while Zeigarnik studied
A) delays of gratification.
B) anxiety.
C) the tendency for interrupted tasks to be recalled better than completed tasks.
D) obsessive-compulsive personality.
Question 6Freud based his psychoanalytic theory on
A) laboratory experiments.
B) case studies.
C) field observations.
D) psychological testing.
Question 7Learning theories see persons as a product of nature, while evolutionary psychology sees him/her as a product of
A) adaptive traits.
B) chemical compounds.
C) social interactions.
D) transpersonal evolution.
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