____________ (e
2) is an estimate of the extent to which observed individual differences are caused by environmental factors.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
Question 2___________ (h
2) is defined as the amount of observed individual differences in some characteristics that can be accounted for by genetic differences.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
Question 3Research reported in the textbook suggests that an example of reactive-genotype-environment correlation is supported by evidence that
a. more aggressive children who are raised by firm but supportive parents are less aggressive as adults.
b. children at risk for antisocial behavior are more aggressive than children not at risk, and they are more likely to elicit negative reactions in their parents.
c. children not at risk for antisocial behavior can exhibit considerable aggressive behavior after only one year in an aggressive family,
d. certain gene variations invariably lead to increased aggression in children.
Question 4The textbook suggests that the best way to characterize nature-nurture issues is to suggest that the two ____________. That is, genes and environment work both separately and together, and sometimes they influence or change one another.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
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