Expectancies are __________.
a. beliefs about how often actions lead to rewards versus punishment
b. based on our past experiences of what was rewarding
c. how enticing a particular reward is
d. the belief that one's actions can have an effect on an event
Question 2In its original form, behaviorism __________.
a. saw no need to consider what went on in people's heads
b. strongly considered what went on in people's heads
c. focused on behavior and thinking
d. only focused on thinking
Question 3__________ determinism is the idea that people choose the environments that they enter and then change them.
a. Interchangeable
b. Interdependent
c. Reciprocal
d. Correlative
Question 4B.F. Skinner wrote several books including __________.
a. Behaviorism 101
b. Pigeons and Dogs
c. Walden Two
d. Uplifting Dignity
Question 5The ethologist Konrad Lorenz suggests which of the following as a way for people to vent their aggression safely?
A) Spelling competitions
B) Playing sports
C) Nonviolent arguments
D) Counting to 10 and taking deep breaths
E) Talking to close friends
Question 6In Maslow's hierarchy of needs, what must happen so that higher needs (such as the need for selfactualization) can be met?
A) The lower needs must be emotionally accepted as a natural part of life.
B) The lower needs must be satisfied, so that the higher needs can become important.
C) The lower needs must become apparent, driving the person to strive for a better way of life.
D) The higher needs must be accepted as a natural part of life.
E) The higher needs must be satisfied while the lower needs are being ignored.
Question 7Which of the following have the strongest influence on efficacy perceptions according to Bandura?
a. Vicarious experiences
b. Performance accomplishments
c. Vicarious emotional responses
d. Outcome expectancies
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