A patient at risk for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus asks why weight loss will reduce risk of the condition. Which response by the nurse is most accurate?
1. The amount of foods taken in require more insulin to adequately metabolize them, resulting in diabetes.
2. Excess body weight impairs the body's release of insulin.
3. Thin people are less likely to become diabetic.
4. The physical inactivity associated with obesity causes a reduced ability by the body to produce insulin.
Question 2A patient with diabetes asks what can be done to prevent the development of corns on the feet. How should the nurse respond to this patient?
1. Make sure that you select shoes that are appropriately fitted.
2. Use corn pads to gradually remove the growths.
3. Corns are best treated by shaving them off.
4. A mild abrasive soap can be used to scrub the area to remove them.
Question 3A patient with diabetes mellitus and poor circulation has thick and ingrown toenails. What should the nurse instruct the patient to do?
1. Soak feet in Epsom salts daily.
2. Use a clean sharp razor blade to trim nails.
3. Make an appointment with a podiatrist.
4. Cut toenails immediately prior to bathing.
Question 4During an assessment, the nurse determines that a patient with Cushing syndrome requires interventions to support an alteration in carbohydrate metabolism. What manifestations did the patient demonstrate for the nurse to determine this need?
Select all that apply.
1. striae over the abdomen
2. fat pads on the upper back
3. urine output in one hour 250 mL
4. 2 L of water ingested in 90 minutes
5. fasting blood glucose level 185 mg/dL
Question 5A patient with Addison disease is experiencing problems with fluid balance. What actions should the nurse take to help this patient?
Select all that apply.
1. teach to sit and stand slowly
2. monitor cardiac monitor rhythm
3. turn and reposition every 2 hours while awake
4. weigh the patient daily at the same time and in the same clothing
5. encourage oral fluid intake of 3000 mL/day and increased salt intake
Question 6The nurse in the postanesthesia care area is concerned that a patient recovering from a subtotal thyroidectomy is experiencing postoperative complications. What findings led the nurse to come to this conclusion?
Select all that apply.
1. hoarse voice
2. restlessness and irritability
3. blood pressure 92/56 mmHg
4. heart rate 116 beats per minute
5. high-pitched, squeaky sound with breathing
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