When a researcher claims that the results of a test market in Indianapolis, Indiana will hold in a national rollout of the new product, this researcher is claiming ____.
a. internal validity
b. the repeated measures effect
c. constant error
d. external validity
Question 2When some subjects stop participating in an experiment before it is completed, affecting the results of the study, a(n) ____ effect has occurred.
a. mortality
b. history
c. instrumentation
d. confounding
Question 3When a change in the wording of questions, a change in interviewers, or a change in other procedures causes a change in the dependent variable, a(n) ____ effect has occurred.
a. instrumentation
b. redundancy
c. cohort
d. attrition
Question 4In a certain study, different interviewers are used in a pretest from those used in the posttest and this produces different results in the study. This is an example of a(n) ____.
a. history effect
b. mortality effect
c. instrumentation effect
d. cohort effect
Question 5A set of high school students who take the ACT in their junior year perform better on that exam during their senior year because they know better how to take the exam due to what they experienced on the first exam. This is an example of a(n) ____.
a. mortality effect
b. testing effect
c. history effect
d. instrumentation effect
Question 6Salespeople are tested one year after a sales training program and perform better on the exam, not because of the training program, but because they have gained one year's experience in sales. Which type of effect has occurred?
a. selection effect
b. maturation effect
c. history effect
d. cohort effect
Question 7Which type of effect is a function of time and the naturally occurring events that coincide with growth and experience?
a. history effect
b. testing effect
c. selection effect
d. maturation effect
Question 8The change in the dependent variable that occurs because members of one experimental group experienced different historical situations than members of other experimental groups is called a(n) ____.
a. cohort effect
b. Hawthorne effect
c. testing effect
d. instrumentation effect
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