Mrs. Wylie is a 78-year-old Caucasian woman who lives alone in a small, one-story home she and her husband purchased several ago before he died. She lives on social security income and her deceased husband's corporate pension, and is financially secure. Though she is in relatively good health, she has been having increasing difficulty walking for the past several years, which has been attributed to peripheral vascular disease. She complains of weakness and pain in her legs, and a loss of feeling in her fingers and feet. She also suffers from occasional constipation. She is happiest just doing her activities of daily living, such as preparing breakfast, lunch, and a late-afternoon snack, then relaxing in her living room until it is time for bed. She has a good relationship with her adult children, who have been discussing with her the possibility of hiring a visiting nurse as her mobility declines. Her children takes turns visiting on Sundays, when they help with her shopping, laundry, and other tasks, but none live close enough to visit daily, and Mrs. Wylie sometimes goes a week without seeing another person. Lately, Mrs. Wylie has been cutting back on drinking water (or any beverages) to save trips to the bathroom. When mild dehydration was noted at a recent visit to the doctor, Mrs. Wylie told her doctor she would try to drink more often, but she is rarely thirsty. She takes seven different prescription and/or over-the-counter medications daily, including a proton pump inhibitor drug for long-standing GERD, and a calcium with vitamin D supplement.
The doctor addresses the importance of hydration with Mrs. Wylie. Dehydration can cause all the following except:
a. compromised mental status.
b. altered effects of medications.
c. increased susceptibility to urinary tract infections.
d. increased susceptibility to atrophic gastritis.
Q. 2The AMDRs for fat are _____ for children 1 to 3 years and _____ for children 4 to 18 years.
a. 2030; 1525
b. 3040; 2535
c. 4050; 3545
d. 5060; 4555
e. 6070; 5565
Q. 3Mrs. Wylie is a 78-year-old Caucasian woman who lives alone in a small, one-story home she and her husband purchased several ago before he died. She lives on social security income and her deceased husband's corporate pension, and is financially secure. Though she is in relatively good health, she has been having increasing difficulty walking for the past several years, which has been attributed to peripheral vascular disease. She complains of weakness and pain in her legs, and a loss of feeling in her fingers and feet. She also suffers from occasional constipation. She is happiest just doing her activities of daily living, such as preparing breakfast, lunch, and a late-afternoon snack, then relaxing in her living room until it is time for bed. She has a good relationship with her adult children, who have been discussing with her the possibility of hiring a visiting nurse as her mobility declines. Her children takes turns visiting on Sundays, when they help with her shopping, laundry, and other tasks, but none live close enough to visit daily, and Mrs. Wylie sometimes goes a week without seeing another person. Lately, Mrs. Wylie has been cutting back on drinking water (or any beverages) to save trips to the bathroom. When mild dehydration was noted at a recent visit to the doctor, Mrs. Wylie told her doctor she would try to drink more often, but she is rarely thirsty. She takes seven different prescription and/or over-the-counter medications daily, including a proton pump inhibitor drug for long-standing GERD, and a calcium with vitamin D supplement.
Older adults at risk nutritionally, such as Mrs. Wylie, should have their diets assessed at medical appointments for:
a. total energy and protein.
b. calcium, iron, and zinc.
c. vitamin B6, vitamin B12, folate, and vitamin D.
d. all of the above
Q. 4The EER for a two-year-old girl who weighs 35.2 pounds (16 kg) is _____ kilocalories.
a. 1,263
b. 1,344
c. 1,478
d. 1,525
e. 1,652
Q. 5Mrs. Wylie is a 78-year-old Caucasian woman who lives alone in a small, one-story home she and her husband purchased several ago before he died. She lives on social security income and her deceased husband's corporate pension, and is financially secure. Though she is in relatively good health, she has been having increasing difficulty walking for the past several years, which has been attributed to peripheral vascular disease. She complains of weakness and pain in her legs, and a loss of feeling in her fingers and feet. She also suffers from occasional constipation. She is happiest just doing her activities of daily living, such as preparing breakfast, lunch, and a late-afternoon snack, then relaxing in her living room until it is time for bed. She has a good relationship with her adult children, who have been discussing with her the possibility of hiring a visiting nurse as her mobility declines. Her children takes turns visiting on Sundays, when they help with her shopping, laundry, and other tasks, but none live close enough to visit daily, and Mrs. Wylie sometimes goes a week without seeing another person. Lately, Mrs. Wylie has been cutting back on drinking water (or any beverages) to save trips to the bathroom. When mild dehydration was noted at a recent visit to the doctor, Mrs. Wylie told her doctor she would try to drink more often, but she is rarely thirsty. She takes seven different prescription and/or over-the-counter medications daily, including a proton pump inhibitor drug for long-standing GERD, and a calcium with vitamin D supplement.
Given only the information provided, how many DETERMINE risk factors for malnutrition does Mrs. Wylie have? (DETERMINE = disease; eating poorly; tooth loss or oral pain; economic hardship; reduced social contact; multiple medications; involuntary weight loss or gain; needs assistance with self-care; elderly person older than 80 years.)
a. 3
b. 4
c. 5
d. 6
Q. 6The FDA and the EPA advise that young children should eat fish and shellfish that are lower in mercury such as _____.
a. tilefish from the Gulf of Mexico
b. swordfish
c. king mackerel
d. salmon
e. shark
Q. 7A food recovery program might involve all of the following except:
a. taking leftover food from a fundraiser to a local shelter.
b. picking berries in an already harvested field.
c. the delivery of day-old bread to a soup kitchen.
d. collecting unused WIC vouchers.
Q. 8Treatment of iron-deficiency anemia includes _____.
a. supplementation with iron drops at a dose of 3 mg/kg per day
b. a low-fat diet
c. exclusion of non-meat sources of iron
d. substitution of whole milk with soy milk
e. inclusion of sources of vitamin D at meal time
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