An oncogene can best be described as a:
a. tumor composed of melanin.
b. tumor derived from connective tissue.
c. gene that is resistant to environmental effects.
d. gene that, when activated, causes neoplastic growth.
Q. 2A factor that has been shown to have a clear association with the development of cancer is:
a. gender.
b. fitness level.
c. cardiovascular disease.
d. radiation exposure.
Q. 3The best description of sarcoma is cancer that begins in:
a. blood-forming tissue.
b. the immune system.
c. the central nervous system.
d. connective tissue.
Q. 4Cancers that arise from skin or tissues that line or cover internal organs are called:
a. neoplasms.
b. sarcomas.
c. carcinomas.
d. lymphomas.
Q. 5The four steps of cancer development are:
a. stage I, stage II, stage III, and stage IV.
b. initiation, promotion, development, and progression.
c. invasion, transport, escape, and adaptation.
d. trigger, growth, proliferation, and metastasis.
Q. 6Cancer generally begins with disruptions in:
a. DNA replication.
b. nutritional status.
c. RNA transcription.
d. cell metabolism.
Q. 7A neoplasm that does not spread to other tissues is considered:
a. contained.
b. benign.
c. operable.
d. metastatic.
Q. 8Children with AIDS who develop lactose intolerance should:
a. eliminate all dairy products from the diet.
b. replace milk with soy-based infant formula.
c. substitute goat's milk for cow's milk in the diet.
d. follow a vegan diet.
Q. 9One way to increase the kilocalorie density of formula for the infant who has AIDS is to add:
a. glucose polymers.
b. water.
c. tryptophan.
d. dry milk solids.
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