After food is chewed and mixed with saliva it then forms a:
a. solution.
b. bolus.
c. barrier.
d. buffer.
Q. 2Which of the following proteins found in saliva is capable of destroying bacteria in the mouth?
a. amylase
b. lysozyme
c. lipase
d. mucin
Q. 3The parasympathetic system innervates the GI system and sends impulses via the _____.
a. hypoglossal nerve
b. trigeminal nerve
c. vagus nerve
d. oculomotor nerve
Q. 4All of the following are primary neurotransmitters involved in the neuroregulation of the GI tract except:
a. acetylcholine.
b. nitric oxide.
c. dopamine.
d. substance P.
Q. 5Clients with edema associated with congestive heart failure usually have orders for:
a. cholesterol restriction and bile acid sequestrants.
b. saturated fat restriction and corticosteroids.
c. sodium restriction, fluid restriction, and diuretics.
d. carbohydrate restriction and insulin.
Q. 6The term for protein-energy malnutrition associated with congestive heart failure is:
a. anorexia nervosa.
b. cardiac cachexia.
c. dyspnea.
d. tachycardia.
Q. 7If heart failure originates on the left side of the heart, the patient will most likely present with:
a. pulmonary edema.
b. ascites.
c. peripheral edema.
Q. 8When the heart is unable to pump hard enough, blood may diffuse into the surrounding tissues. How does the kidney respond to this change in fluid volume?
a. releases renin, causing conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II
b. reduces blood pressure
c. excretes excessive fluid
d. the kidney does not respond
Q. 9Over time as the heart is unable to deliver oxygen to the tissues, the condition of _____ develops.
a. congestive heart failure
b. high blood pressure
c. cardiac arrhythmia
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