Autodigestion of the pancreas is prevented by storing the digestive enzymes in their inactive forms, as zymogens.
a. True
b. False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Q. 2In the clear liquid diet, which of the following would tend to have the highest osmolalities?
a. Broths
b. Diet cola
c. Gelatin
d. Fruit juices
Q. 3Which is an example of a true statement regarding peripheral parenteral nutrition (PPN)?
a. PPN instills small volumes of concentrated fluids.
b. PPN requires only small amounts to be nutritionally adequate
c. PPN is typically most acceptable for a fluid-restricted patient.
d. The high osmolality of PPN may cause small veins to collapse.
e. Peripheral access for PPN is easier to maintain than a central line.
Q. 4Bile (or gall) is a bitter yellow, blue, and green fluid secreted by the liver and stored in the pancreas.
a. True
b. False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Q. 5Which of the following statements about clear liquid diets (CLD) is FALSE?
a. CLDs are not nutritionally adequate for long-term use.
b. Some foods on a CLD may be hypertonic.
c. Electrolytes may not be fully replaced with a CLD.
d. CLDs include milk and milk products.
Q. 6Which of the following nursing interventions is appropriate to reduce the risk of aspiration during enteral feedings?
a. Instill blue dye into the feeding
b. Check a level of lung aspirate daily
c. Elevate the head of the bed at least 30 degrees
d. Instill the feeding at a faster rate
e. Increase fiber to 8 g in each supplement
Q. 7JB is a 53 yo male who was recently divorced. He has experienced periods of depression and decreased appetite. Family reports history of heavy drinking habits and 15 weight lost. He was previously diagnosed with cirrhosis and portal hypertension and paracentesis and TIPS procedures were performed. Mr. JB's condition seems to have worsened; he c/o stomach pains, nausea, and vomiting at times. His abdomen is sore to touch and feels swollen. Mr. JB has developed ascites and pedal edema; his urinary output has decreased and he continues to lose weight. Mr. JB also c/o pain when swallowing food. Because of JB's persistent symptoms, he's been admitted to the hospital. A referral to the SLP for a MBS was also ordered and resulted in dysphagia, pureed diet recommended. By day 2 Mr. JB still c/o of nausea and no po intake has been reported. The MD prescribed dietary consult: RD to assess patient and recommend alternate means of nutrition support, currently NPO. Ht: 5'11'' Wt: 145 UBW: 163 Dx: End-stage liver cirrhosis, dysphagia PMH: alcoholic cirrhosis, portal hypertension Labs: Na: 134 Cl: 101 BUN: 4 Alb: 2.3 TG: 305 Transferrin: 101 NH4: 53 Glu: 139 AST: 45 ALT 48 Alk Phos: 40 Bilirubin: 2.1 K: 5.2 CO2: 25 Cr: 1.8 H/H: 11/35 Diet: NPO Meds: Neomycin, Aldactone, Lasix, Reglan The liver receives blood from two sources: the hepatic portal vein and the hepatic artery.
a. True
b. False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
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