What is body mass index (BMI)?
A) A measure of how much muscle mass an athlete should have
B) A method of measuring body composition
C) A formula that predicts the best weight for performance and health
D) A number that represents a weight-to-height ratio
Q. 2There is a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in those with ____.
A) osteoporosis
B) cardiovascular disease
C) type 2 diabetes
D) metabolic syndrome
Q. 3When compared to recommendations made for other chronic diseases, the diet and exercise recommendations made for preventing lifestyle-related cancers are ____.
A) similar
B) different in many respects
C) substantially different
D) in opposition to other recommendations
Q. 4The period of time associated with the most rapid loss of bone mass is ____.
A) age 20 to 35 years
B) age 35 to 50 years
C) the first several years after menopause
D) after males are 65 years or older
Q. 5At what age does peak bone mineral density occur (assuming that calcium intake is adequate)?
A) 10 to 20 years
B) 20 to 35 years
C) 35 to 60 years
D) After age 60
Q. 6On average, the bone density of men and African Americans is approximately ____ greater than that of Caucasian women.
A) 5
B) 20
C) 35
D) 65
Q. 7Low bone mineral density with structural deterioration is known as ____.
A) osteomalacia
B) osteopenia
C) osteoporosis
D) osteoarthritis
Q. 8Of the following, the most critical intervention because of its strong and independent effect on metabolic syndrome is the ____.
A) reduction in dietary fat and cholesterol intake
B) increase in physical activity
C) reduction of stress-related factors
D) increase in aspirin intake
Q. 9The major factors underlying the development of metabolic syndrome are ____.
A) age and gender
B) family history and cardiovascular fitness
C) hypertension and cigarette smoking
D) obesity and insulin resistance
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