___________________ are personal case notes that not shared with others in oral or written form and that do not include anything except professional opinions and personal observations.
a. Unethical notes
b. Case conceptualizations
c. Legal records
d. Private documents
e. Sole-possession records
Q. 2What protections of confidentiality do minor children have?
a. Confidentiality agreements with children are no different from those with adults.
b. Parents and legal guardians have absolute access to the counseling records of all clients under the age of 18.
c. Parents and legal guardians have access to the counseling records of clients under the age of 18 unless they clients are in drug rehab or birth control counseling.
d. Protections vary from state to state, as do ages of majority.
e. Parents and legal guardians have access to the counseling records of clients under the age of 18 unless they are a danger to themselves or others or they are clients are in drug rehab or birth control counseling.
Q. 3How does confidentiality apply when an adult clients parent calls to see how she is doing?
a. Unless the client has given the counselor written permission to talk with the parent, the counselor is not at liberty even to admit that the counseling relationship exists.
b. Confidentiality does not apply to family members.
c. The counselor can do whatever is in the best interest of the client.
d. If the parent brought the client to sessions, it is all right for the counselor to discuss the client with his or her parent.
e. Whether or not the counselor talks to the parent depends on the counselors theoretical orientation.
Q. 4When a client is referred by an agency such as a school or a court, what are the counselors obligations regarding confidentiality?
a. The clients confidentiality is absolute.
b. The counselor decides what is in the clients best interest. For instance, if a probation officer calls and asks if the client came to his or her last appointment, as long as the news is good, the counselor can say yes.
c. The counselor should clarify with all parties exactly who the client is and document, in writing, what access each of the respective parties has to the clients file.
d. If the counselor works in a school, any school employee has access to the counselors notes.
e. The counselor just completes whatever forms are sent by the court or school and assumes that they have completed the appropriate paperwork with the client.
Q. 5How is ethics on online counseling handled?
a. There are no formal ethical guidelines.
b. Those professionals who engage in online counseling are solely responsible for monitoring each other.
c. ACA has published a document exclusively about ethics in online counseling, and it outlines sixteen ethical guidelines.
d. There is no need for ethical guidelines as there is no face-to-face contact between counselor and client.
e. The general ethical codes are comprehensive enough to cover ethical issues in online counseling, and online counselors are guided solely by that ethical code.
Q. 6Which of the following would be NOT be a clear breach of confidentiality?
a. Leaving client files on your desk.
b. Discussing a case in the elevator at work.
c. Leaving client notes labeled with names on the hard drive of your computer.
d. Putting client paperwork in the back seat of your car.
e. Sharing case notes with your supervisor.
Q. 7How is the issue of exceptions to confidentiality handled by most counselors?
a. Because knowing that the exceptions might scare off a client, most counselors wait until trust has been built before discussing the issue.
b. Counselors only share the exceptions with the court-ordered clients because they will have to talk with probation officers.
c. Exceptions are discussed only when the client wanders into one of the areas where the counselor is bound to report.
d. The list of exceptions to confidentiality must be posted in the waiting room of every clinic and counseling facility.
e. The list of exceptions to confidentiality is included with the informed consent that is given to the client at the first session.
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