Snacks such as bananas and apricot nectar, which are high in potassium, are recommended because
a. electrolytes are lost through fever.
b. diarrhea is a common problem.
c. snacks help fight fatigue.
d. potassium helps fight infection.
Question 2Thrombolytic therapy is being prepared for administration to an older adult patient who has presented to the emergency department with an ST-segment elevation MI (STEMI). The nurse recognizes that the primary goal of this intervention is:
A) To restore the flow of blood through the coronary arteries
B) To restore function to infarcted myocardial cells
C) To relieve the patient's symptoms of chest pain and dyspnea
D) To prevent the rupture of atheromas
Question 3A patient, age 28, has a history of IV drug use and has tested positive for HIV. About 2 weeks ago, she delivered a baby who has tested positive for HIV. This patient will not care for the baby because she believes the baby will die soon.
In counseling her about the care of her infant, which approach by the nurse is most appropriate? a. Agree with her that the baby will develop AIDS and refer her to a local AIDS support group.
b. Inform her that although infants of HIV-infected mothers may test positive for HIV antibodies, not all infants are infected with the virus.
c. Remind her that she has not yet developed AIDS and that it is possible the baby won't develop AIDS for many years.
d. Inform her that if the infant is started on zidovudine (AZT) within the first month after delivery, AIDS can be prevented.
Question 4For most people who are HIV-positive, marker antibodies are usually present 10 to 12 weeks after exposure. The development of these antibodies is called
a. immunocompetence.
b. seroconversion.
c. opportunistic infection.
d. immunodeficiency.
Question 5The nurse clarifies that the least likely method for children to contract AIDS is
a. during intrauterine life with an HIV-positive mother.
b. during the birth process of an HIV-positive mother.
c. from other children who have AIDS.
d. from receiving transfusions contaminated with the HIV virus.
Question 6A 58-year-old patient's electrocardiogram (ECG) and presentation are suggestive of a myocardial infarction (MI), and treatment has been promptly initiated.
The nurse who is part of the patient's care team should anticipate and facilitate which of the following interventions?
Select all that apply.
A) Providing the patient with supplementary oxygen
B) Administering morphine by IV
C) Administering oral warfarin (Coumadin)
D) Administering a bolus of 0.9 NaCl
E) Teaching the patient deep breathing and coughing techniques
Question 7A 66-year-old male patient with a high body mass index and a history of hypertension made an appointment with his primary care provider because of sudden, severe, and unprecedented fatigue over the past several days.
The care provider referred the patient to the emergency department, where the patient underwent assessment for acute coronary syndrome. Assessment of the man's cardiac biomarkers revealed normal levels of myoglobin and CK-MB but elevated levels of troponin I. What conclusion is suggested by these data?
A) The man is having an acute myocardial infarction (MI).
B) The man is at high risk of MI.
C) The man had an MI in the recent past.
D) The man had an MI several months ago.
Question 8While teaching community groups about AIDS, the nurse informs people that the most common method of transmission of the HIV virus currently is
a. sexual contact with an HIV-infected partner.
b. perinatal transmission.
c. exposure to contaminated blood.
d. nonsexual exposure to saliva and tears.
Question 9A 60-year-old woman has been brought to the emergency department (ED) by ambulance after she experienced a sudden onset of dyspnea and phoned 911 . The woman is obese but claims an unremarkable medical history and denies chest pain.
When assessing this patient, the nurse in the ED should be aware that:
A) Dyspnea is definitive for a respiratory, rather than cardiac, etiology.
B) The absence of known risk factors usually rules out myocardial infarction (MI) or angina as a cause of dyspnea.
C) Women often present with an MI much differently than do men.
D) Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) manifests with chest pain rather than with shortness of breath.
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