A nurse in graduate school is doing her thesis on community nursing. She is looking at the differences between the aggregate, system, and human-field perspectives. She is comparing them to the unitary perspective.
Which of the following best represents the individual as the basic unit of the community; that is, the community is a number of separate individuals?
A) Aggregate perspective
B) Human-system perspective
C) Unitary perspective
D) Human-field perspective
Question 2A nurse in the family-centered care unit uses the change-and-growth model of nursing in caring for her clients and families. She views the family as only a backdrop for individuals. Which of the following models is she basing her practice on?
A) Orem's Self-Care Deficit Model
B) Watson's Human Science and Human Care Model
C) Peplau's Interpersonal Relations Model
D) Rogers' Science of Unitary Human Beings
Question 3A nurse in an occupational work setting notices unusual behavior from a worker who has been ill for several weeks.
After coming back to work, the employee comes to the office and the nurse notices bruising to the face and a broken arm, for which the employee states, It was just an accident. The nurse suspects abuse but does not confront the client and in 1 month the client is on life support due to a traumatic brain injury. Which ethical question best describes the nurse's role when faced with the outcome of this scenario and when looking at client as individual, family, and community?
A) Were the individual's needs a priority before family?
B) Were the family's needs a priority before the individual?
C) Were there interventions I could have used to prevent the outcome?
D) What limitations were barriers to intervening in this scenario?
Question 4A nurse working on the medical-surgical unit uses the change-and-stability model of nursing as his main practice philosophy.
Which of the following models does this nurse use if he believes that the family is a social system that is seen as a group of interacting individuals and goals that are attained emphasize interactions between family members?
A) Parse's Human-Becoming Model
B) Newman's Theory of Health as Expanding Consciousness
C) King's Systems Interaction Model
D) Neuman's Health Care Systems Model
Question 5A student nurse is reviewing a list of theorists and theories for a test that is coming up in her nursing class. Which of the following conceptual models identifies the family as a structuralfunctional social system?
A) Family Assessment and Intervention Model
B) Friedman Family Assessment Model
C) Family Systems Model
D) Family Stress Model
Question 6A client comes to the hospital and is being treated for breast cancer. The client's sister visits and is interested in her sister's history after she left home.
The client's sister doesn't know much the client's life in the last 10 years because she moved away to a city in another state. The client had an abortion in the past and has never told anyone. When working with families, what ethical issue can best describe a violation of the client's privacy if information is presented to a family member without the client's permission?
A) Confidentiality and privacy of one's health care information
B) Family needs over individual client's needs
C) Individual client's needs over family needs
D) Adding family stressors to situation
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