The grade retention policies of many schools are examples of
a. the implementation of practices based on sound scientific research.
b. practices based on studies that verify teachers' beliefs about intellectual development.
c. practices that have little scientific merit because they are based on unsystematic observation.
d. practices stemming from research that suggests that repeating a grade is beneficial to a student.
Ques. 2On Elizabeth's birthday she was given a lottery ticket. When the drawing was held the numbers drawn matched those on her ticket and she was given two hundred cookies. She immediately concluded that the best way to obtain cookies was to buy a lottery ticket. Her conclusion is a product of
a. an unsystematic observation.
b. a carefully constructed plan of action.
c. systematic logic.
d. modeled progression.
Ques. 3One aspect of making observations and drawing inferences from those observations is that
a. the more systematic our observations are, the less likely we are to draw reasonable conclusions.
b. unsystematic observations may lead to faulty conclusions.
c. either systematic or unsystematic observations generally lead to correct decisions, as long as our hypotheses are well formulated.
d. generally speaking, the first explanation that comes to mind is likely to be the correct one.
Ques. 4Research shows that the most effective teachers generally have
a. received little or no formal training but seem to have a genuine knack for instruction.
b. been paid the most for teaching.
c. earned excellent grades in all of their own course work.
d. received professional training.
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