An example of an ecological stress that a grade-school child might experience is:
a. being born with a difficult temperament.
b. having an intellectual disability.
c. living with an abusive parent.
d. not being invited to a classmate's birthday party.
Ques. 2Most early primary-grade children understand that they can have more than one feeling about a situation.
Indicate whether this statement is true or false.
Ques. 3In the primary-school years, a child's self-concept typically expands to include:
a. the child's ability to regulate his/her own behavior.
b. the child's attachment relationship with his/her parent(s).
c. the child's beliefs about what others think of him/her.
d. the child's understanding of complex and mixed emotions.
Ques. 4Research suggests that elementary-age boys who have trouble identifying the emotions that are conveyed by common facial expressions are also likely to have difficulty:
a. developing a strong sense of self.
b. getting along with their peers.
c. learning new things at school.
d. reading with emotional intonation.
Ques. 5In primary school, children who had insecure attachment relationships with their caregivers when they were infants are MOST likely to:
a. become overly attached to a caring and warm teacher.
b. develop new, secure attachments as they develop more self-control.
c. think that other people will not be available when they are needed.
d. trust their peers but show hostility or aggression toward teachers.
Ques. 6Stress can be either positive or negative.
Indicate whether this statement is true or false.
Ques. 7Emily, at age 6, is scared of the dark. Her parents ignore her when she says that she doesn't want to go to sleep with the door closed, because they think her fear will go away if they don't respond to it. Emily's parents are trying to:
a. classically condition a new response to the dark room.
b. extinguish her fear of the dark.
c. negatively reinforce her fear of the dark.
d. operantly condition a new response to the dark room.
Ques. 8As they work to develop their own self-concepts, primary-grade children are critical of themselves and others.
Indicate whether this statement is true or false.
Ques. 9A parent who tells a child, I am really disappointed in you is using a form of discipline known as:
a. behavior modification.
b. inductive discipline.
c. love withdrawal.
d. punishment.
Ques. 10Kohlberg argued that most school-age children reason at the conventional level, believing that good behavior is:
a. behavior that adheres to a universal sense of right and wrong.
b. behavior that does not result in punishment.
c. behavior that leads to a reward.
d. behavior that pleases or helps others.
Ques. 11Which of the following is not a typical fear for a school age child?
a. being different
b. dark
c. imaginary creatures
d. ridicule and embarrassment
Ques. 12Preschool and early elementary-age children who lack energy and enthusiasm about life should be evaluated for clinical depression.
Indicate whether this statement is true or false.
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