We can have confidence in the results of studies published in journals because:
a. Research articles published in professional journals have gone through a peer-review process.
b. Articles published in a journal are typically more focused than articles published via the internet.
c. Only quantitative scientifically-based research is published in journal articles.
d. Authors who publish journal articles must first be approved by the editorial board prior to submitting their manuscript for review.
Ques. 2Dr. Ortiz is directing research in which negative behaviors of minority children are being studied. Several parents of minority children voiced a common complaint about the research. Which of the following most likely relates to their complaint?
a. The research was not conducted during school hours.
b. Research did not include the development of social programs for the children and parents.
c. Negative behaviors were being studied, but not positive behaviors.
d. The testing did not guarantee solutions to children's problems.
Ques. 3Paula has a history of hemophilia in her family. She was extremely relieved when the tests from her ______________ test revealed that her fetus is healthy and does not show evidence of being at risk for hemophilia.
a. alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)
b. amniocentesis
c. ultra-sound imaging
d. DNA
Ques. 4Percy, a researcher, administered his test to his target population on two consecutive days in order to make sure he got the same results each time he used the test. What was Percy proving about the test?
a. validity
b. reliability
c. absence of bias
d. trustworthiness
Ques. 5The most important aspect of the end of the germinal period in pregnancy is that:
a. the human cells have begun to differentiate and assume specialized roles.
b. the self-sustaining placenta has formed, obtaining nutrients and eliminating waste products.
c. the vascular system is established and begins to force blood to circulate.
d. the neural tube, precursor to the heart and spinal cord, forms.
Ques. 6The first phase of pregnancy is known as the _________ and it typically lasts about __________.
a. gestation stage; two weeks
b. embryonic stage; eight weeks
c. germinal stage; two weeks
d. germinal stage; six weeks
Ques. 7When a researcher is concerned about the extent to which her findings will generalize to other schools beyond the one school she included in her initial research, she is most concerned about:
a. internal validity.
b. external validity.
c. absence of bias.
d. reliability.
Ques. 8A couple already has five sons and they would very much like to have a little girl in their family. What information would a doctor most likely give to this couple who would like to determine the sex of their next child?
a. Hormone therapy prior to conception is the most effective method.
b. Ovulation detectors and special douches are effective in 96 of cases on record.
c. Current medical interventions often cause birth defects.
d. Medical interventions can sort sperm into X- or Y-bearing groups
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