The ability to think about and reflect on what others are thinking or feeling is an important developmental milestone and is referred to as:
1. mindlessness.
2. non-egocentric thinking.
3. perspective-taking.
4. theory of mind.
Ques. 2Preschoolers with authoritative parents are more likely than peers to:
a. be impulsive and rebellious.
b. be self-reliant and friendly.
c. engage in passive aggressive behaviors when angry.
d. engage in risky behaviors during adolescence.
Ques. 3A parent who consistently allows a child to regulate his or her own behavior is using:
a. authoritative discipline.
b. inductive discipline.
c. permissive discipline.
d. power-assertive discipline.
Ques. 4Research suggests that young children are more likely to engage in relational aggression if:
a. both parents prefer power-assertive discipline strategies.
b. their mothers show high levels of negative affect.
c. they do not understand display rules for anger.
d. they frequently watch television programs showing violence.
Ques. 5Studies of parenting practices have identified a variety of parenting styles. Which of the following has been found to result in more harmful long-term effects?
1. authoritative discipline
2. inductive discipline
3. power assertive techniques
4. productive discipline
Ques. 6Three major developmental tasks associated with healthy emotional and social development in young children are:
1. describing, demonstrating, and deferring emotions.
2. labeling, understanding, and modulating emotions.
3. observing, imitating, and modeling the emotions of others.
4. sharing, controlling, and withholding inappropriate expressions.
Ques. 7Child-centered therapy for children with cerebral palsy most commonly includes interventions that help the children to develop:
a. more normal movements.
b. prosocial behavior with peers.
c. strategies for coping with anxiety.
d. strategies for interacting with the environment.
Ques. 8According to Maslow's theory, belonging and love needs are:
a. higher on a person's hierarchy of needs than esteem needs.
b. higher on a person's hierarchy of needs than the need for self-actualization.
c. lower on a person's hierarchy of needs than esteem needs.
d. lower on a person's hierarchy of needs than safety needs.