The central ingredient in the U.S. governmental bureaucracy is __________.

Answer to q. 1

c

Answer to q. 2

To better understand the dynamics of collective behavior, three areas need to be addressed:

(1) Some environmental activists have found that they cannot get their point across unless they go outside established institutional patterns and organizations. Some situations are more conducive to collective behavior than others. When people can communicate quickly and easily with one another, spontaneous behavior is more likely. When people are gathered together in one general location they are more likely to respond to a common stimulus.

(2) People's attitudes (as expressed in public opinion surveys, for example) are not always reflected in their political and social behavior.

(3) Sociologists Ralph Turner and Lewis Killian note, people believe that there is strength in numbers. People may act as a collectivity when they believe it is the only way to fight those with greater power and resources.

Answer to q. 3

TRUE

Answer to q. 4

FALSE

Answer to q. 5

d

Answer to q. 6

Collective behavior occurs as a result of some common influence or stimulus that produces a response from a collectivitywhich is a number of people who act together and may mutually transcend, bypass, or subvert established institutional patterns and structures. Three major factors contribute to the likelihood that collective behavior will occur:

1 . Structural factors increase the chances of people responding in a particular way. A common stimulus is an important factor in collective behavior.
2 . Timing is another significant factor in bringing about collective behavior.

3 . A breakdown in social control mechanisms and a corresponding feeling of normlessness.

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