The primary source of colonial productivity growth in agriculture was:
a. learning by doing.
b. an increased capital-labor ratio.
c. technology improvements.
d. the introduction of hybrid seeds and fertilizer.
Question 2By 1920, the average work week in manufacturing was about _______hours, although it was significantly lower for _________.
a. 40; immigrants
b. 50; skilled workers
c. 60; unskilled workers
d. 45; women
Question 3____________ solves the mutual coincidence of wants problem.
a. Barter
b. Mercantilism
c. Free trade
d. Money
Question 4In 1917, Congress imposed a serious restriction on immigration when it passed ________________ over President Wilson's veto.
a. a quota system
b. a minimum wealth standard
c. a literacy test
d. a ban on Chinese immigration
Question 5The use of commodity money
a. has a high opportunity cost.
b. does not provide an adequate unit of account.
c. creates a mutual coincidence of wants problem.
d. creates inflation.
e. All of the above.
Question 6The Contract Labor Law, which was passed in 1864 and repealed in 1868,
a. authorized labor contracts made abroad between American companies and foreign workers.
b. resulted in a large increase in European immigration to the U.S.
c. was supported by American wage earners.
d. authorized workers to strike and engage in collective bargaining.
Question 7The colonies as a whole had a significant commodity trade deficit with England. In order to finance this deficit the colonies relied on all of the following sources of income except
a. a commodity trade surplus with Southern Europe.
b. the sale of colonial shipping services.
c. mining of gold and silver that were used to make Colonial coins.
d. British government spending in the colonies.
Question 8All of the following groups benefited from immigration to the U.S. in the late 19th and early 20th century except
a. manufacturing and mining companies.
b. retailers.
c. railroad companies.
d. unskilled native workers.
Question 9The colonies as a whole had a significant commodity import deficit in their trade with England. The least important source of foreign exchange earnings to offset this trade deficit was:
a. insurance charges and merchant commissions.
b. the sale of ships.
c. the sale of colonial shipping services.
d. payment for slaves.
Question 10All of the following groups benefited from immigration to the U.S. in the late 19th and early 20th century except
a. steamship companies
b. mining companies
c. manufacturing companies
d. railroads
e. All of the above benefited from immigration.
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