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Home Q & A Board Biology-Related Homework Help General Biology
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rks23456 rks23456
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11 years ago
This is important because there's a cell test and there is one question that is worth some marks. The test is tomorrow, so I need your answer now so I can study some more! The question is...

People who are unabled to produce insulin have diabetes. What problem would be caused by not producing insulin?

Please answers pleasepleaseplease!!!!!

PS Make sure you know grade 8 cell info like the organelles and stuff
PPS Insulin is a hormone the pancreas create and send to the blood which then spreads it into the cells.
PPPS I also need to know what insulin is I don't understand it.

ty!
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#1
11 years ago
Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that regulates the level of glucose, a simple sugar that provides energy, in the blood.

The human body requires a steady amount of glucose throughout the day, and that glucose comes from the foods we eat. Obviously, though, we don't spend our entire day eating a bit of food at a time to maintain a steady stream of glucose. This is where insulin comes into play.

When glucose levels are high, insulin stimulates cells in the liver, muscles and fat. Liver and muscle cells combine glucose into a compound called glycogen, essentially storing the energy for later use. Insulin also removes other by-products of food from the body by stimulating fat cells to form fats from fatty acids and liver and kidney cells to turn amino acids into proteins. Finally, insulin prevents the liver and kidneys from producing glucose from partially-metabolized materials, a process that can damage these organs over time.

Insulin is closely related to glucagon, another hormone secreted by the pancreas. Glucagon is called into action when blood-sugar levels are low. It stimulates the liver and muscles so that they will break down the glycogen that was created through the intervention of insulin. Together, insulin and glucagons represent a complete cycle of blood-glucose control.

Insulin works in the body day after day, without anyone giving it much thought. In fact, most people don't know anything about insulin until they learn that they or someone in their family has diabetes. This illness is caused when the body begins to have problems with insulin. In Type 1 diabetes, the pancreas stops producing insulin; in Type 2 diabetes, the body becomes resistant to the insulin the pancreas produces. Type 2 diabetes can usually be controlled through diet and medication, but Type 1 diabetes requires injections of synthetic insulin so that the body can process glucose. Since insulin is such an integral component to body function, it is vital that diabetes be carefully controlled to prevent organ damage.
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#2
11 years ago
Insulin is a type of sugar,  a lack of it would make you very tired, sleepy, lazy, letharig, comatose (slow down energy production)
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rkkovachrkkovach
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11 years ago
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#4
11 years ago
People who are unable to produce insulin have Type I Diabetes which used to be called Juvenile Diabetes because it is mostly diagnosed in young people.  People with Type I Diabetes are usually born with the ability to produce insulin, but then later lose that ability.

People with Type II Diabetes are usually obese.  Their bodies cannot keep up with the amount of insulin that they need to deal with all the food that they eat.  Many people with Type II Diabetes would be perfectly normal if they lost weight.

Diabetes symptoms include:  Frequent urination; Excessive thirst;  Extreme hunger? Unusual weight loss;  Increased fatigue; Irritability;  Blurry vision.

Your body has two kinds of glands:
- EXOcrine glands send chemicals out of the body.  For example, tear ducts and sweat glands are exocrine.  The acinar cells of the pancreas send chemicals into the digestive system - which does lead out of the body - which makes the pancreas an exocrine gland.  (This has nothing to do with diabetes)..  
- ENDOcrine glands send chemicals into the blood stream.  The ?Islets of Langerhans? cells of the pancreas which send hormones into the blood stream and which make the pancreas an endocrine gland.  If the insulin hormone can?t reach all the body cells, illness results.
The pancreas is both an exocrine gland and an endocrine gland, but only the endocrine function has to do with diabetes.

The panaceas has two kinds of cells:
- The ?acinar? cells of the pancreas produce enzymes that allow your body to digest protein, fat and starch from your food; and
- The ?Islets of Langerhans? cells of the pancreas produce two hormones, insulin and glucagon that work to regulate the level of sugar (glucose) in the body to keep it within a healthy range.

Insulin is one of two hormones produced in the ?Islets of Langerhans? cells and sent into the blood stream which then carries and spreads Insulin to every cell of the body.  (The other hormone is called glucagon).

The problem with not producing enough insulin is that too much sugar/glucose accumulates in the blood.  The excess glucose can attach to proteins in the blood vessels and alter their normal structure and function. One effect of this is that the vessels become thicker and less elastic, making it hard for blood to squeeze through.  So, if diabetes isn?t treated, some of the primary consequences include:  Cardio-vascular disorders; Kidney failure: Blindness and Foot amputations.  
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