1)The electrons formed from the oxidation of glucose are
A) directly transferred to O2 during the citric acid cycle
B) transferred to the coenzymes NAD+ and FAD (QH2)
C) transferred to succinate and arachidonic aicd
D) A and B
E) none
2)At equilibrium in solution, D-glucose consists of a mixture of its anomers. Which statement most accurately describes the solution?
A) the solution consists of ~equal amts of alpha and beta anomers
B) the straight chain form is present in high concentration
C) the alpha-anomer is more stable and is slightly preferred over the beta anomer
D) The beta anomer predominates over the alpha anomer by a ratio of ~ 2.1
E) none
3)Which of the following are factors that contribute to the large negative standard free energy change for the reaction ATP-> ADP +Pi?
A) the increase in resonance stabilization in the reactants vs. the products
B) the precipiation of the insoluble Pi
C) the addition of a water molecule to the hydrophilic ATP molecule
D) the decrease in negative-ion repulsion.
4)The isomerization of citrate to isocitrate:
A) is the only unnecessary step of the citric acid cycle.
B) protects cells from the toxic effects of arsenite ion.
C) converts a tertiary alcohol, which cannot easily be oxidized, to a secondary
alcohol that can be oxidized.
D) is a major regulatory step for the citric acid cycle.
E) is an oxidation reaction.
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