ATP is created by the ATPSynthase enzyme. This is done by having hydrogen ions pass through it, with three hydrogen ions needed per ATP molecule. This enzyme is located in the mitochondria. The initial steps of respiration, glycolysis, occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell, the latter occurring in the wallas and the matrix of the mitochondria. How exactly is the energy released during these steps used to create ATP?
Because glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm, won't energy be lost because it (relatively) is far away from the mitochondria? Because the entire process depends on the movement of hydrogen ions through the ATPSynthase molecule, is the energy used to maintain a higher concentration of hydrogen ions outside the cell? If this is the case, again, how is the energy released during glycolysis utilized?
A detailed answer will be very helpful. Thank you in advance
i understand that the Reduced NADH formed during the reaction can be used in oxyiative phosphorylation to pump hydrogen, but what of the energy released during the breaking of high energy bonds in glycolysis? This is not all used up to reduce the co-enzymes is it? It is commonly stated that during the Glycolysis pay-off phase 4 ATP molecules are made. How does this occur?
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