Describe the four parenting styles and the outcomes they have on children’s autonomy.

Hi there,

This depends on the textbook you're using, to be honest. I have outlined 4 from the research I did to answer this question. Here they are:

Authoritarian parents lack sensitive nurturing skills with their children and words of comfort and encouragement are not regularly used. They assert control of, and obedience from their children. There is little reasoning or discussions with the children as the parents are always 'right' and rules and regulations are strictly adhered to. In other words, children of authoritarian parents are 'seen and not heard'.

Permissive parents are warm and loving to their children but in general don't provide their children with behavioural guidance that is required to assist them in negotiating the world. In other words, these children 'lack boundaries' and are encouraged to be 'free spirits'. Permissive parents want to avoid confrontation by having a low level of 'control' (strictness) over their children, so saying no to their children would be a rarity. As the children develop they make decisions to regulate their own activities, asserting their autonomy (independence).

Authoritative parents are nurturing and responsive to their children's needs and recognise and respect the individuality within their children. While these parents expect their children to comply with the family's guidelines of appropriate behaviour they communicate through reasoning skills with their children. Open discussions between the children and parents are part of the family practice and the children's autonomy is encouraged.

Neglectful parenting is when some parents as being neglectful or non-responsive to their children's needs.

I also agree with doubleu

Found this online: https://biology-forums.com/index.php?action=downloads;sa=view;down=10260