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This activity demonstrates how DNA controls the synthesis of proteins. Proteins are made of chain of amino acids. You are to determine the original DNA code for part of a hemoglobin protein molecule, especially for the 3 amino acid chain of threonine - proline - glutamate.
Procedure:
Write the codon for each amino acid as used in the text and previous question. Label this set of 3 codons as mRNA. Above this mRNA, write the corresponding DNA. This is the “anti-sense strand”. Above the “anti-sense strand”, write the corresponding “sense strand”. (The other side of helix can also be called the complement.) For this online question, you need to fill in only the three blanks for these three lines. Label and record the three lines of letters. Write your answers on a scrap piece of paper and keep them for the following questions. 1 mark
Please enter your answer as xxx xxx xxx (with no additional characters)
Answer → DNA sense-strand codons
Answer → DNA anti-sense strand codons
Answer → mRNA original strand codons
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Construct the three tRNA anticodons and record them in the answer field. Use your answers from the previous question. On your scrap piece of paper, place the tRNA below the codons from the previous question. 1 mark
Please enter your answer as xxx xxx xxx (with no additional characters)
Answer → tRNA anticodon
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Messenger RNA (mRNA) is a single-stranded molecule that passes through nuclear pores into the cytoplasm to ribosomes situated on the endoplasmic reticulum. The triplet codons are read from mRNA as it passes through the ribosome. The function of tRNA is like that of a wheelbarrow; it brings the correct amino acid to the work site at the ribosome for protein synthesis.
Complete the following blanks with the correct terms.
A tRNA (UGA) carries as its load, only the amino acid called Answer. It plugs into the ribosome because its Answer, (UGA), matches the mRNA codon Answer (letters).
A different tRNA (GGG) carries only the amino acid Answer and its Answer, (GGG), which allows it to match the mRNA codon Answer.
Another tRNA (CUU) carries the amino acid Answer and its anticodon (CUU), which allows it to match the mRNA codon Answer.
Note: Each of these three lines have a similar type of answer for each location. Use this information to help you complete the answer. For example, the last blank for each line must be a three-letter code. 2 marks
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