Explain how the elements of short-term initial attraction and long-term maintenance attraction work.

* Physical appearance acts as a filter to limit the possibilities for relationships. We use physical appearance to make an initial assessment of the desirability of pursuing a relationship. We tend to seek out others who are somewhat similar to us physically. We assume that people who are physically similar to us will probably share similar attitudes and values.

 * Proximity helps determine to whom we will be attracted. We are simply more likely to come into contact with people who are physically close. This proximity also increases the likelihood of communication. This does not mean that people who are physically distant cannot initiate and develop relationships, but it is more difficult and takes more time and energy to accomplish.

 * We are also attracted to people we perceive as competent, credible, and intelligent. People who are sure of themselves, display expertise in areas we value, and appear trustworthy and dynamic are appealing.

 * As our relationships progress, self-disclosure increases, as does intimacy. Self-disclosure has a positive impact on liking between strangers and an even greater impact in more developed relationships. In addition, our attraction to another person increases our tendency to self-disclose. Reciprocation of liking means that we tend to prefer people who prefer us.

 * Similarity in attitudes, values, beliefs, and behaviours is also a factor in attraction. We tend to like people who are like us. Similarity may also affect proximity as we are more likely to come into contact with people who share similar interests and activities.

 * Differences and complementary needs affect attraction through our assessment of how well the other can satisfy our needs. When people have complementary needs, it increases the likelihood that both will have their needs met. In fact, we seek out people who can satisfy our needs.