Transcript
Chapter 35: Acute Burn Injury
NCLEX® Review
This activity contains 10 questions.
A child is scalded by hot bath water. The burn is severe and will require the child be admitted to a specialty burn unit. The child's grandmother says, "I can't believe something like this could happen so easily." What educative information should the nurse provide? Select all that apply.
"There are over a half-million incidents of burn injury in the United States each year."
"Scalding burns are the most common type of burns in children."
"Severe sunburn is the most common reason a child has to be admitted to a specialty burn unit."
"Burns in children are rare, but they do occur."
"This is unusual because most burns are the result of motor vehicle accidents or explosions."
An adult patient has sustained burns to the head, neck, and anterior trunk. Using the Lund and Browder chart, the nurse would calculate which percentage of total body surface area (TBSA) burned?
15.5%
22%
30%
13%
A hospital is planning construction of a new burn unit. In order to provide optimal care, which physical layout components are recommended? Select all that apply.
Negative airflow units should be installed for each patient room.
Access to the unit should be restricted.
The unit should be in a building separate from the main hospital.
Controls for temperature and humidity should be centralized at the nurse's station and separate from that of the main hospital.
Each patient should have a private room.
IV replacement fluid requirements for a patient have been calculated using the Parkland formula and indicate 15,000 mL of fluid are needed. How much fluid should the patient receive per hour for the first 12 hours of therapy?
625 mL
325 mL
500 mL
1000 mL
A patient sustained a major burn yesterday and is being cared for in a burn unit. The nurse assesses that the patient's urine produced 40 mL of reddish-brown urine in the last hour. What action should the nurse take?
Save the specimen for comparison to the next hour's amount and color.
Monitor this expected effect of burns.
Increase the IV rate and notify the primary care provider.
Administer additional IV pain medication.
A patient has sustained full-thickness burns over 15% of his body and is complaining of severe pain. How should the nurse interpret this information?
The patient is seeking drugs for reasons other than pain from the burns.
Since this patient's burns are full-thickness, he should not have pain.
Full-thickness burns are the most painful of all the categories.
The margins of full-thickness burns are usually partial-thickness and are very painful.
A patient was brought to the Emergency Department by a coworker after sustaining a flame burn. What wound care priorities exist? Select all that apply.
Apply a thick covering of burn ointment to all superficial burns, but leave deeper burns uncovered.
Elevate burned extremities.
Pack the burn wounds with fluffy gauze soaked in water.
Cleanse the wound with sterile saline.
Remove any clothing that may retain heat.
A patient was burned in a house fire yesterday. Which treatment of the patient's burns would the nurse question?
Wet-to-dry dressings
Cleanse wounds with a mild soap.
Irrigate wounds with normal saline at each dressing change.
Shower twice daily.
What nursing action is essential when providing pain management for a patient in the rehabilitative stage of burn treatment?
Encourage the patient to continue IV pain management.
Use standard pain control schedules and methods.
Regularly conduct a thorough pain assessment.
Include hypnosis in the plan of care.
A patient who experienced severe burns a week ago is now hemodynamically stable and will be gotten out of bed for the first time. What nursing action is essential?
Do not give pain medications for at least 1 hour prior to getting the patient out of bed.
Remove any splints or braces prior to this procedure.
Plan to have the patient out of bed for at least 1 hour.
Apply compression wraps to the patient's lower extremities before getting him out of bed.
