Transcript
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Chapter 5 - Quick Quiz 2
1. Salivation in response to food being placed in the mouth and an eyeblink response to a puff of air, are both examples of __________
unconditioned stimuli.
conditioned responses.
conditioned stimuli.
unconditioned responses.
2. Even though Watson had formulated techniques to remove Albert’s fears, he chose not to even though he knew Albert would soon be moving away. By today’s APA standards, Watson’s actions were __________
appropriate for a case study.
within the framework of time demands.
unethical.
typical of a good researcher.
3. Last month Walter became sick after eating two chili dogs, so he no longer likes chili dogs. Walter has experienced __________
a) blocking.
b) conditioned taste aversion.
c) operant taste conditioning.
d) noncontingent conditioning.
4. Sarah has learned to ignore her parents the first few times they tell her that it’s bedtime. James has learned to respond to his parents the first time they mention bedtime. Both sets of parents punish their children for disobedience, but James parents tend to punish much more quickly than do Sarah’s parents. The difference between Sarah’s and James’ responses to their parents is probably due to __________
the temporal relationship between the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus.
the intensity of the unconditioned stimulus.
the number of pairings of the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus.
the intensity of the conditioned stimulus.
5. Rewarding successive approximations of a desired behavior is part of which process?
reinforcement
shaping
extinction
generalization
6. In a __________ schedule, the first response made after a same specific period of time has elapsed brings the reinforcement.
variable-interval
fixed-interval
variable-ratio
fixed-ratio
7. An expert on parenting is addressing parents at the local grade school. When the topic of punishment is discussed, what is one outcome of punishment the expert is likely to note for the parents to consider?
a) Punishment can also lead to the child acting aggressively.
b) Punished children tend to do really well in school.
c) Punishment motivates the child to focus on schoolwork.
d) Punishment tends to increase the number of nightmares experienced.
8. Most behavior modification programs use _________
the principles of classical conditioning.
the principles of observational learning.
the principles of operant conditioning.
token economies.
9. Learning that occurs but is not immediately reflected in a behavior change is called __________
a) insight.
b) innate learning.
c) vicarious learning.
d) latent learning.
10. Bandura conducted a classic study known as the “Bobo” doll study. The term Bobo refers to __________
a) Bandura’s pet name for the dog used in the study.
b) Bandura’s loyal but strange assistant that carried out the study.
c) Bandura’s nickname that his wife had given him.
d) the type of inflatable doll that was used in the study.
Chapter 5 - Quick Quiz 2
Answer Key
1. d Explanation: Because these responses happen automatically (without learning), they are
unconditioned responses. (Page 152, Conceptual, LO 5.2)
2. c Explanation: It would be unethical to expose a child to that amount of discomfort, and
even more unethical to not “undo” the damage after the research was completed. (Page 156, Conceptual, LO 5.4)
3. b Explanation: Taste aversion is the term for a learned aversion to a particular food based
on a previous bad experience with that food. (Page 158, Applied, LO 5.6)
4. a Explanation: Research has found that if consequences follow very shortly after the
behaviors to which they are attached, the behavior changes that are desired are much more likely to occur. (Page 161, Applied, LO 5.8)
5. b Explanation: This is the definition of shaping. (Page 162, Factual, LO 5.10)
6. b Explanation: A specific amount of time must pass for a reinforcement to be received in a
fixed-interval schedule. (Page 166, Factual, LO 5.12)
7. a Explanation: Punishment can also lead to the child acting aggressively. (Page 169,
Applied, LO 5.14)
8. c Explanation: Behavior modifications make primary use of reinforcement, but also
punishment to a lesser degree. These are the foundations of operant conditioning. (Page
173, Conceptual, LO 5.16)
9. d Explanation: Since the learning was not observable, it was deemed to be latent. (Page
175, Factual, LO 5.18)
10. d Explanation: The term Bobo refers to the inflatable doll that was used in the study. (Page
178, Factual, LO 5.20)
