Transcript
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Chapter 6 - Quick Quiz 1
1. Believers in the information-processing model of memory are likely to agree that __________
a) the brain has nothing in common with a computer.
b) studying computers can give you useful insights into human information processing.
c) auditory information is retained in the sensory register for up to 2 seconds.
d) information flows from one memory system to the next.
2. Short-term memory has a very limited capacity of about __________ different items.
three
six
seven
ten
3. When asked to recall the date of John Kennedy’s assassination, Peter draws a blank; however, when asked whether it was October 24, 1962, November 22, 1963, or February 1, 1965, he correctly answers with the second of the choices. This example most clearly demonstrates the value of __________
a) state-dependent memory.
b) retrieval cues.
c) cross links in deep structure.
d) mnemonic devices.
4. Professor Chapstick wears a scarf that has pictures of snakes eating rats while she lectures her students about a particular chapter of material. Many of her students have a slight fear or repulsed feeling looking at her scarf, because they are not comfortable with snakes. According to the state-dependent memory effect, under which of the following circumstances would the students perform the best on the exam?
a) if Professor Chapstick does not wear her scarf during the exam
b) if Professor Chapstick does wear her scarf during the exam
c) if Professor Chapstick is not in the room during the exam
d) if Professor Chapstick lays the scarf on the table, but does not wear it during the exam
5. Memories that concern events that are highly significant and are vividly remembered are called __________
a) eidetic images.
b) elaborative rehearsals.
c) flashbulb memories.
d) eyewitness images.
6. Based on Loftus’s 1978 study, subjects viewed a slide presentation of an accident, and some of the subjects were asked a question about a blue car when the actual slides contained pictures of a green car. When these same subjects were asked about the color of the car at the accident, they were found to be confused. This is an example of the __________
a) instant replay effect.
b) constructive processing effect.
c) levels-of-processing effect.
d) misinformation effect.
7. A patient’s chart indicates he just had surgery to remove his hippocampus as a result of a tumor. What change do you anticipate in the patient after the operation?
a) The patient will not be able to remember new information.
b) The patient will have problems experiencing hunger.
c) The patient will not be able to process colors.
d) The patient will not be able to perform tasks such as block designs.
8. This is a hormone that is released into the bloodstream when a person is emotionally aroused.
dopamine
serotonin
tryosine
epinephrine
9. Ebbinghaus found that information is forgotten __________
a) more rapidly as time goes by.
b) gradually at first, then with increasing speed.
c) quickly at first, then tapers off gradually.
d) most quickly one day after learning.
10. In planning his study for a psychology exam, George and his study partner budget four 2-hour study sessions spread over five different days. This is an example of __________
spaced practice.
overlearning.
massed practice.
organization.
Chapter 6 - Quick Quiz 1
Answer Key
1. b Explanation: Computers serve as a model for cognitive psychologists. (Page 186,
Conceptual, LO 6.1)
2. c Explanation: The research of George Miller demonstrated that the capacity of short-term
memory is about seven items, or bits of information. (Page 189, Factual, LO 6.3)
3. b Explanation: This example most clearly demonstrates the value of retrieval cues as Peter
probably had the date stored in memory and then just had to take a set of dates and check
which one he had stored. (Page 194, Applied, LO 6.5)
4. b Explanation: If the circumstances of the exam mirror those of the lecture, the students are
most likely to perform well on the exam. (Page 196, Applied, LO 6.7)
5. c Explanation: Memories that concern events that are highly significant and are vividly
remembered are called flashbulb memories. (Page 198, Factual, LO 6.9)
6. d Explanation: This is an example of the misinformation effect where new information
replaces older information. It has been a crucial addition to our knowledge of why court
proceedings sometimes lead to the wrong conclusions about guilt or innocence. (Page 201, Factual, LO 6.11)
7. a Explanation: Damage to the hippocampus results in long-term memory problems. (Page
203, Conceptual, LO 6.13)
8. d Explanation: Epinephrine, as well as norepinephrine, are released into the bloodstream
by the adrenal glands during periods of high stress and arousal. (Page 205, Factual, LO 6.15)
9. c Explanation: Ebbinghaus found that information is forgotten quickly at first, then tapers
off gradually. (Page 208, Conceptual, LO 6.17)
10. a Explanation: When learning occurs in short practice sessions with rest periods in
between, it is called spaced practice. (Page 214, Applied, LO 6.19)
